PHP Date and Time

DATE:

The PHP date() function formats a date or time.

The timestamp is used to format a more readable date and time into a PHP date () function.

Syntax:


date(format,timestamp)

date(format,timestamp)

Simple Date:

Characters that are mainly used for dates:

d: The “d” is used to get the day of the month (from 1 to 31).

m: The “m” is used to get the month (From (1) to (12)).

y: The “y” is used to get the year ( in four digits).

l: The lowercase (l) is used to represent the day of the week.

Other special characters, like “/”, “.”, or “-“ can also be used between the characters to add additional formatting.

Example1:


<?php
 echo "Today is” . date("d/m/Y") . "<br>"; 
 echo "Today is” . date("m/d/Y") . "<br>"; 
 echo "Today is” . date("Y/m/d") . "<br>"; 
 ?>

<?php

echo "Today is” . date("d/m/Y") . " ";

echo "Today is” . date("m/d/Y") . " ";

echo "Today is” . date("Y/m/d") . " ";

Output:


Today is 22/06/2019
Today is 06/22/2019
Today is 2019/06/22

Today is 22/06/2019

Today is 06/22/2019

Today is 2019/06/22

-> In the above example, we get to know that we can write a date into a different format with the help of characters.

Example2:


<?php
 echo "Today`s Date Is " . date("Y.m.d") . "<br>"; 
 ?>

<?php

echo "Today`s Date Is " . date("Y.m.d") . " ";

Output:


Today`s Date Is 2019.06.22

Today`s Date Is 2019.06.22

Example3:


<?php
 echo "Hello " . date("l") . "<br>"; 
 echo "Today " . date("d") . "<br>"; 
 echo  date("M") . "<br>"; 
 echo " Year " . date("Y") . "<br>"; 
 ?>

<?php

echo "Hello " . date("l") . " ";

echo "Today " . date("d") . " ";

echo date("M") . " ";

echo " Year " . date("Y") . " ";

Output:


Hello Saturday
Today 22
Jun
Year 2019

Hello Saturday

Today 22

Jun

Year 2019

In the above example, “M” is used to define the month name.

With the help of the date() function, we can update copyright year on our website.

Example4:


© 2018-<?php echo date("Y");?>|All Rights Reserved|www.tutorialandexample.com|

Output:


  © 2018-2019|All Rights Reserved|www.tutorialandexample.com|

Example5:


<?php
   $date="23-06-2019";
  $dt=explode("-",$date);
  if (checkdate(06, 23, 2019))
   {
  echo "Date is valid";
  }
  else
  {
  echo "Date is Invalid";
  }
 ?>

<?php

$date="23-06-2019";

$dt=explode("-",$date);

if (checkdate(06, 23, 2019))

{

echo "Date is valid";

}

else

{

echo "Date is Invalid";

}

Output:


Date is valid

Date is valid

Example6:


<?php
 $sun=date_sun_info(time(),28.63576, 77.22445);
 echo "<pre>";
 print_r($sun);
 echo date("H:i:s",$sun);
 ?>

<?php

$sun=date_sun_info(time(),28.63576, 77.22445);

echo "<pre>";

print_r($sun);

echo date("H:i:s",$sun);

Output:


Array
 (
    [sunrise] => 1561247655
    [sunset] => 1561297943
    [transit] => 1561272799
    [civil_twilight_begin] => 1561246042
    [civil_twilight_end] => 1561299557
    [nautical_twilight_begin] => 1561244083
    [nautical_twilight_end] => 1561301515
    [astronomical_twilight_begin] => 1561241999
    [astronomical_twilight_end] => 1561303599
)
01:54:15

Array

(

[sunrise] => 1561247655

[sunset] => 1561297943

[transit] => 1561272799

[civil_twilight_begin] => 1561246042

[civil_twilight_end] => 1561299557

[nautical_twilight_begin] => 1561244083

[nautical_twilight_end] => 1561301515

[astronomical_twilight_begin] => 1561241999

[astronomical_twilight_end] => 1561303599

)

01:54:15

In the above example, with the help of our current location longitude and latitude, we can easily find the sunrise, sunset, current time, etc.

TIME:

Characters that are mainly used for time:

H: The H character is used for 24hour format (00 to 23).

h: The lowercase “h” is used for 12hour format of an hour(01 to 12).

i: The lowercase “i” is used for minutes with leading zero(00 to 59).

s: The lowercase “s” is used for seconds with leading zero (00 to 59).

a: The “a” is used for ANTE MERIDIEM (a.m.) or POST MERIDIEM (p.m.).

Time Zone:

We can set a timezone to use; we need the time correct according to a specific location.

If the time we get from the code is not the right time, it is because our server is in another country or it set up on a different timezone.

Example:


<?php
 date_default_timezone_set("Australia/Brisbane"); 
 echo "The time is " . date("h:i:s.a."); 
 ?>

<?php

date_default_timezone_set("Australia/Brisbane");

echo "The time is " . date("h:i:s.a.");

Output:


The time is 04:20:19.pm.

The time is 04:20:19.pm.

PHP mktime() Function:

The timestamp parameter in the date() function defines a timestamp.

The mktime() function returns the Unix timestamp for a date. It contains the number of seconds between the Unix Epoch (June 23, 2019, 00:00:00 GMT).

Syntax:


mktime(<em>hour, minute, second, month, day, year</em>)

mktime(hour, minute, second, month, day, year)

Example


<?php
 $d=mktime(12, 30, 10, 6, 23, 2019); 
 echo "Current Date and Time is " . date("Y-m-d h:i:sa", $d); 
 ?>

<?php

$d=mktime(12, 30, 10, 6, 23, 2019);

echo "Current Date and Time is " . date("Y-m-d h:i:sa", $d);

Output:


Current Date and Time is 2019-06-23 12:30:10pm

Current Date and Time is 2019-06-23 12:30:10pm

In the above example, the mktime() function creates a date and time from several of parameters.

PHP strtotime():

The PHP strtotime() function is used to convert a human-readable string into Unix Time.

Syntax:


strtotime(time,now)

strtotime(time,now)

Example1:


<?php
 $d=strtotime("tomorrow");
 echo date("d-m-Y h:i:sa", $d) . "<br>" . "<br>";
 $d=strtotime("next Saturday");
 echo date("d-m-Y h:i:sa", $d) . "<br>" . "<br>";
 $d=strtotime("+3 Months");
 echo date("d-m-Y h:i:sa", $d) . "<br>" . "<br>";
 $d=strtotime("+6 Years");
 echo date("d-m-Y h:i:sa", $d) . "<br>" . "<br>";
 ?>

<?php

$d=strtotime("tomorrow");

echo date("d-m-Y h:i:sa", $d) . " " . " ";

$d=strtotime("next Saturday");

echo date("d-m-Y h:i:sa", $d) . " " . " ";

$d=strtotime("+3 Months");

echo date("d-m-Y h:i:sa", $d) . " " . " ";

$d=strtotime("+6 Years");

echo date("d-m-Y h:i:sa", $d) . " " . " ";

Output:


24-06-2019 12:00:00am
29-06-2019 12:00:00am
23-09-2019 10:37:14am
23-06-2025 10:37:14am

24-06-2019 12:00:00am

29-06-2019 12:00:00am

23-09-2019 10:37:14am

23-06-2025 10:37:14am

Example2:


<?php
 $startdate = strtotime("Friday"); 
 $enddate = strtotime("+6 weeks", $startdate); 
 while ($startdate < $enddate) { 
 echo date("M d", $startdate) . "<br>"; 
 $startdate = strtotime("+2 days", $startdate); 
 } 
 ?>

<?php

$startdate = strtotime("Friday");

$enddate = strtotime("+6 weeks", $startdate);

while ($startdate < $enddate) {

echo date("M d", $startdate) . " ";

$startdate = strtotime("+2 days", $startdate);

}

Output:


Jun 28
Jun 30
Jul 02
Jul 04
Jul 06
Jul 08
Jul 10
Jul 12
Jul 14
Jul 16
Jul 18
Jul 20
Jul 22
Jul 24
Jul 26
Jul 28
Jul 30
Aug 01
Aug 03
Aug 05
Aug 07

Jun 28

Jun 30

Jul 02

Jul 04

Jul 06

Jul 08

Jul 10

Jul 12

Jul 14

Jul 16

Jul 18

Jul 20

Jul 22

Jul 24

Jul 26

Jul 28

Jul 30

Aug 01

Aug 03

Aug 05

Aug 07

The second and third line of the above code is telling us about the starting date or day(here we have selected the Friday) which means the execution will start from Friday, and it lasts to 6weeks, and it will return Month and date to the user and it will also return weekdays with the difference of 2.

Example3:


<?php
 $d1=strtotime("August 15"); 
 $d2=ceil(($d1-time())/60/60/24); 
 echo "There are " . $d2 ." days remain left for Independence Day."; 
 ?>

<?php

$d1=strtotime("August 15");

$d2=ceil(($d1-time())/60/60/24);

echo "There are " . $d2 ." days remain left for Independence Day.";

Output:


There are 53 days remain left for Independence Day.

There are 53 days remain left for Independence Day.

In the above example, the ceil function is used by which we calculate the time from the current date to the given date.

TIME:

PHP mktime() Function:

PHP strtotime():

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