Computer Graphics Tutorial

Introduction of Computer Graphics History of Computer Graphics Types of Computer Graphics Application of Computer Graphics Input Devices Output Devices Display Devices Display Processor Image Representation Color Model Animation Projection Transformation 2D Translation 2D Rotation 2D Scaling 2D Reflection 2D Shearing 3D Translation 3D Rotation 3D Scaling 3D Reflection 3D Shearing Computer Graphics Window Panning Zooming Clipping Line Clipping Point Clipping Text Clipping Polygon Clipping Scan Conversion Line Drawing Algorithm DDA Line Drawing Algorithm Bresenham’s Line Drawing Algorithm Mid-Point Line Drawing Algorithm Scan Conversion of a circle Bresenham’s Circle Drawing Algorithm Midpoint Circle Drawing Algorithm Scan Conversion of an Ellipse Pointing and positioning Techniques Filled Area Primitives

Misc

2D Transformation in Computer Graphics Types of Computer Graphics Resolution in Computer Graphics Anti-aliasing in Computer Graphics Aspect Ratio in Computer Graphics Composite Transformation in Computer Graphics Homogeneous Coordinates in Computer Graphics Illumination Model in Computer Graphics Rendering in Computer Graphics

Output Devices in Computer Graphics
2019-12-12 12:53:28

Output Devices in Computer Graphics

Computer Graphics Output Devices

An output device is a component of hardware or the main physical part of a computer that can be touched and seen. An output device is an electromechanical device.

“The Computer gives instructions and data from input devices and processes it and returns the result called as output.”

For Example: Printer, Plotter, Monitor, Projector etc.

Printers:

A printer is a peripheral device which is used to represent the graphics or text on paper. The quality is measured by its resolution. The resolution of any printer is measured in dot per inch (dpi).

The printer usually works with the computer and connected via a cable. In present, many digital device support printer features so that we can use Bluetooth, Wi-fi, and cloud technology to print.

Types of Printers

Some types of printers are:

  • Impact Printers
  • Non-impact Printers

Impact Printers

In impact printers, there is a physical contact established between the print head, ribbon, ink-cartridge, and paper.

The printers hit print head on an ink-filled ribbon than the letter prints on the paper. Impact printers are works like a typewriter.

These printers have three types:

  • Daisy Wheel Printers
  • Drum Printers
  • Dot Matrix Printer

Daisy Wheel Printers:

By these, we can print only one character at a time. The head of this printer looks like a daisy flower, with the printing arms that appear like petals of a flower; that’s why it is called “Daisy printer.”

It can print approx. 90 characters per second.

Daisy Wheel Printers
Fig: Daisy Wheel Printer

Daisy wheel printers are used to print the professional quality document. It is also called “Letter Quality Printer.”

Advantages:

  1. More reliable
  2. Better printing Quality

Disadvantages:

  1. Slow than Dot Matrix
  2. More Expensive
  3. Noisy in operation

Drum Printers:

It has a shape like a drum, so it is called “Drum Printer.” This type of printer contains many characters that are printed on the drum.

The surface of the drum is break down into the number of tracks. Total tracks are equal to character132. A drum will have 132 tracks. The number of tracks is divided according to the width of the paper.

It can print approx. 150-2500 lines per minute.

Fig: Drum Printer
Fig: Drum Printer

Advantages:

  1. High Speed
  2. Low Cost

Disadvantages:

  1. Poor Printing Quality
  2. Noisy in Operation

Dot Matrix Printer:

It is also known as the “Impact Matrix Printer.” Dot Matrix Printer can print only one character at a time. The dot matrix printer uses print heads consisting of 9 to 24 pins. These pins are used to produce a pattern of dots on the paper to create a separate character.

Dot-matrix printer can print any shapes of character, special character, graphs, and charts.

Dot Matrix Printer
Fig: Dot Matrix Printer

Advantages:

  1. Low Printing Cost
  2. Large print size
  3. Long Life

Disadvantages:

  1. Slow speed
  2. Low Resolution

Non-impact Printers

In Non-impact printers, there is no physical contact between the print head or paper head. A non-impact printer prints a complete page at a time. The Non-impact printers spray ink on the paper through nozzles to form the letters and patterns.

The printers that print the letters without the ribbon and on papers are called Non-impact printer. Non-impact printers are also known as “Page Printer.”

These printers have two types:

  • Inkjet Printer:
  • Laser Printer:

1. Inkjet Printer: It is also called “Deskjet Printer.” It is a Non-impact printer in which the letters and graphics are printed by spraying a drop of ink on the paper with nozzle head.

A Color inkjet printer has four ink nozzles, sapphire, red, yellow, and black, so it is also called CMYK printer. We can produce any color by using these four colors.

The prints and graphics of this printer are very clear. These printers are generally used for home purposes.

Inkjet Printer
Fig: Inkjet Printer

Advantages:

  1. High-Quality Printout
  2. Low noise
  3. High Resolution

Disadvantages:

  1. Less Durability of the print head
  2. Not suitable for high volume printing
  3. Cartridges replacement is expensive

2. Laser Printer: It is also called “Page Printer” because a laser printer process and store the whole page before printing it. The laser printer is used to produce high-quality images and text. Mostly it is used with personal computers. The laser printers are mostly preferred to print a large amount of content on paper.

Laser printer
Fig: Laser printer

Advantages:

  1. High Resolution
  2. High printing Speed
  3. Low printing Cost

Disadvantages:

Costly than an inkjet printer

Larger and heavier than an inkjet printer

Plotters:

A plotter is a special type of output device. It is used to print large graphs, large designs on a large paper. For Example: Construction maps, engineering drawings, architectural plans, and business charts, etc.

It was invented by “Remington rand” in 1953.

It is similar to a printer, but it is used to print vector graphics.

Types of Plotter

Types of Plotter
  1. Flatbed Plotter: In a flatbed plotter, the paper is kept in a stationary position on a table or a tray. A flatbed plotter has more than one pen and a holder. The pen rotates on the paper upside-down and right-left by the using of a motor.

Every pen has a different color ink, which is used to draw the multicolor design.
We can quickly draw the following designs by using a flatbed printer.

For Example: Cars, Ships, Airplanes, Dress design, road and highway blueprints, etc.

Flatbed Plotter
Fig: A Flatbed Plotter

Advantages of Flatbed Plotter

  1. Larger size paper can be used
  2. Drawing Quality is similar to an expert

Disadvantages of Flatbed Plotter

  1. Slower than printers
  2. More Expensive than printers
  3. Do not produce high-Quality text printouts

2. Drum Plotter: It is also called “Roller plotter.” There is a drum in this plotter. We can apply the paper on the drum. When the plotter works, these drums moves back and forth, and the image is drawn.

Drum plotter has more than one pen and penholders. The pens easily moves right to left and left to right.

The movement of pens and drums are controlled by graph plotting program.

It is used in industry to produce large drawings (up to A0).

Drum Plotter
Fig: A Drum Plotter

Advantages of Drum Plotter

  1. Draw Larger Size image
  2. We can print unlimited length of the image

Disadvantages of Drum Plotter

  1. Very costly