GROUP BY vs ORDER BY

The GROUP BY clause and ORDER BY clause in SQL are used to arrange data obtained by SQL queries. The important difference between the GROUP BY clause and ORDER BY clause is that the GROUP BY clause is applied when we want to use an aggregate function in SQL query on more than one set of rows. In contrast, the ORDER BY clause is applied when we want to receive the data obtained by the query in the sorted order. Before moving towards comparison charts, we will first understand these SQL clauses.

GROUP BY Clause

The GROUP BY statement in SQL uses queries to arrange data within attribute values. Usually, we use the GROUP BY clause with the SELECT statement. We have to place the GROUP BY clause after the WHERE clause always. Additionally, it is also paced before the ORDER BY clause.

We can often use the GROUP BY clause with aggregate functions like SUM, AVG, MIN, MAX, and COUNT to produce output from the database. The query for the GROUP BY clause is grouped query, and it returns a single row for each grouped object.

Below is the Syntax to use the GROUP BY Clause in a SQL query

SELECT COLUMNNAME, FUNCTION(COLUMNNAME) FROM TABLENAME WHERE CONDITION GROUP BY COLUMNNAME;

Let’s understand the GROUP BY clause with the help of a few examples. Consider the following tables along with the given records.

Table: Employees

EMPLOYEEID	FIRST_NAME	LAST_NAME	SALARY	CITY	DEPARTMENT	MANAGERID	WORKING_HOURS	GENDER
1001	VAIBHAVI	MISHRA	65000	PUNE	ORACLE	1	12	F
1002	VAIBHAV	SHARMA	60000	NOIDA	ORACLE	1	9	M
1003	NIKHIL	VANI	50000	JAIPUR	FMW	2	10	M
2001	PRACHI	SHARMA	55500	CHANDIGARH	ORACLE	1	10	F
2002	BHAVESH	JAIN	65500	PUNE	FMW	2	12	M
2003	RUCHIKA	JAIN	50000	MUMBAI	TESTING	4	9	F
3001	PRANOTI	SHENDE	55500	PUNE	JAVA	3	9	F
3002	ANUJA	WHERE	50500	JAIPUR	FMW	2	9	F
3003	DEEPAM	JAUHARI	58500	MUMBAI	JAVA	3	12	M
4001	RAJESH	GOUD	60500	MUMBAI	TESTING	4	10	M

Example 1: Suppose we want to know employees sum salary in a particular city for the above data. To do this, we will execute the below query as follow:

SELECT CITY, SUM(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEES GROUP BY CITY;

This query initially formed a result that has grouped the city. Next, the SUM function is performed on each group of cities, and finally, we will get the desired results as shown below:

Example 2: Suppose we want to know employees' max salary in a particular department for the above data. To do this, we will execute the below query as follow:

SELECT DEPARTMENT, MAX(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEES GROUP BY DEPARTMENT;

This query initially formed a result that has grouped the department. Next, the MAX function is performed on each group of the department, and finally, we will get the desired results as shown below:

ORDER BY Clause

The GROUP BY clause and the ORDER BY clause could be used with the SELECT statement. In SQL queries, we used the ORDER BY clause to sort the records returned by the query in ascending or descending order. If we didn't mention the sorting order, the entire result would be sorted by default in ascending order.

Below is the Syntax to use the ORDER BY Clause in a SQL query

SELECT * FROM TABLENAME ORDER BY [ASC | DESC];

Let us understand the ORDER BY clause with the help of a few examples. Consider the following tables along with the given records.

Table: Employees

EMPLOYEEID	FIRST_NAME	LAST_NAME	SALARY	CITY	DEPARTMENT	MANAGERID	WORKING_HOURS	GENDER
1001	VAIBHAVI	MISHRA	65000	PUNE	ORACLE	1	12	F
1002	VAIBHAV	SHARMA	60000	NOIDA	ORACLE	1	9	M
1003	NIKHIL	VANI	50000	JAIPUR	FMW	2	10	M
2001	PRACHI	SHARMA	55500	CHANDIGARH	ORACLE	1	10	F
2002	BHAVESH	JAIN	65500	PUNE	FMW	2	12	M
2003	RUCHIKA	JAIN	50000	MUMBAI	TESTING	4	9	F
3001	PRANOTI	SHENDE	55500	PUNE	JAVA	3	9	F
3002	ANUJA	WHERE	50500	JAIPUR	FMW	2	9	F
3003	DEEPAM	JAUHARI	58500	MUMBAI	JAVA	3	12	M
4001	RAJESH	GOUD	60500	MUMBAI	TESTING	4	10	M

Example 1: Suppose we want to arrange the result in the sorted order, either ascending or descending, based on the first name column. In that case, we would like to use the ORDER BY clause to get the result. To do this, we will execute the below query as follow:

SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES ORDER BY FIRST_NAME ASC;

Key Difference between GROUP BY and ORDER BY

The following are the points that differentiate between the GROUP BY and ORDER BY clauses:

• The GROUP BY statement in SQL is used to group the records based on a similar value in a particular column. On the other hand, the ORDER BY clause in SQL is used to sort the display results in ascending or descending order.
• While performing a query using the GROUP BY clause in SQL query, it’s compulsory to use the aggregate function. On the other hand, while using the ORDER BY clause in SQ, it's not compulsory to use an aggregate function.
• The GROUP BY clause is always placed in SQL query after the WHERE clause but before the ORDER BY clause. On the other hand, the ORDER BY clause is always placed after the GROUP BY clause.

Comparison Chart

SR.NO	GROUP BY	ORDER BY
1	The GROUP BY clause is used to group the rows with similar values.	The ORDER BY clause is used to sort the result either in descending or ascending order
2	It controls the presentation of rows	It controls the presentation of columns
3	THE GROUP BY clause is always placed before the ORDER BY clause.	ORDER BY clause is always placed after the GROUP BY clause.
4	It is compulsory to use an aggregate function	Not compulsory to use an aggregate function
5	The attribute cannot be under the aggregate function	in the GROUP BY statement. The attribute can be under the aggregate function in the ORDER BY statement.