SQL SELECT Statement

The SQL SELECT statement is used to retrieve the data from the tables. We can also retrieve the selected records from the table using the query condition. The SQL SELECT statement is also used to retrieve the selected records from the selected column name.

We use the WHERE clause in the SELECT query to retrieve the selected records from the table by applying the condition. With the WHERE clause, we can use the comparison, arithmetic, bitwise, and logical operators.

The first syntax of the SELECT statement is as follows:

SELECT * FROM Table_Name;

The asterisk (*) symbol retrieves all the records from the table without applying any conditions in the query.

The second syntax of the SELECT statement is as follows:

SELECT Column_Name_1, Column_Name_2, Column_Name_3, Column_Name_4, Column_Name_5 FROM Table_Name;   

The above second syntax is used to retrieve records from the specified columns in the query table.

The third syntax of the SELECT statement with the WHERE Clause is as follows:

SELECT * FROM Table_Name WHERE conditions;

In the third syntax, we used the WHERE clause in the query to retrieve or display selected records from the table by applying the conditions in the query.
Let’s understand the SQL SELECT statement with the help of examples.

Examples of SQL SELECT Statement

Consider the already existing table, which has the following data:

Table Name:- Diploma_Student

Student_Id	Student_Name	First_Sem	Second_Sem	Third_Sem	Fourth_Sem	Fifth_Sem	Sixth_Sem	Total	Department_Id
202111	Vaishnavi Patil	94	91	88	85	95	92	91	6
202112	Vaibhav Lokhande	85	90	92	80	85	82	86	2
202113	Yash Dhull	90	88	94	87	85	90	89	3
202114	Sonali Patole	95	90	92	88	92	90	91	4
202115	Axar Patel	85	80	82	86	92	84	85	1
202116	Meena Mishra	78	75	80	74	85	77	78	3
202117	Mahesh Kumbhar	75	80	75	78	80	76	77	5
202118	Sakshi Patil	80	78	74	78	80	77	78	2
202119	Sopan Bhore	70	68	75	75	80	80	75	2
202220	Prajwal Lokhande	80	85	85	75	78	80	81	4
202221	Anuja Wanare	85	88	86	82	84	85	85	7
202222	Venkatesh Iyer	90	89	87	90	92	91	90	3
202223	Anushka Sen	70	75	71	74	80	78	75	1
202224	Aakash Jain	80	75	72	74	85	80	78	7
202225	Akshay Agarwal	85	80	78	88	90	82	84	7
202226	Shwetali Bhagwat	90	80	85	88	90	80	86	6
202227	Mayuri Wagh	80	80	85	80	82	85	82	4
202228	Utkarsh Rokade	85	80	80	90	84	84	84	5
202229	Manthan Koli	85	75	84	78	82	80	81	2
202230	Mayur Jain	80	88	87	90	92	90	88	1

Example 1: Write a query to retrieve the student’s information from the Diploma_Student table.

SELECT * FROM Diploma_Student;

The above example fetched the student's information from the Diploma_Student table.

The output of the above query is as follows:

Student_Id	Student_Name	First_Sem	Second_Sem	Third_Sem	Fourth_Sem	Fifth_Sem	Sixth_Sem	Total	Department_Id
202111	Vaishnavi Patil	94	91	88	85	95	92	91	6
202112	Vaibhav Lokhande	85	90	92	80	85	82	86	2
202113	Yash Dhull	90	88	94	87	85	90	89	3
202114	Sonali Patole	95	90	92	88	92	90	91	4
202115	Axar Patel	85	80	82	86	92	84	85	1
202116	Meena Mishra	78	75	80	74	85	77	78	3
202117	Mahesh Kumbhar	75	80	75	78	80	76	77	5
202118	Sakshi Patil	80	78	74	78	80	77	78	2
202119	Sopan Bhore	70	68	75	75	80	80	75	2
202220	Prajwal Lokhande	80	85	85	75	78	80	81	4
202221	Anuja Wanare	85	88	86	82	84	85	85	7
202222	Venkatesh Iyer	90	89	87	90	92	91	90	3
202223	Anushka Sen	70	75	71	74	80	78	75	1
202224	Aakash Jain	80	75	72	74	85	80	78	7
202225	Akshay Agarwal	85	80	78	88	90	82	84	7
202226	Shwetali Bhagwat	90	80	85	88	90	80	86	6
202227	Mayuri Wagh	80	80	85	80	82	85	82	4
202228	Utkarsh Rokade	85	80	80	90	84	84	84	5
202229	Manthan Koli	85	75	84	78	82	80	81	2
202230	Mayur Jain	80	88	87	90	92	90	88	1

SQL SELECT Statement with the WHERE Clause

Example 2: Write a query to retrieve the information of those students from the Diploma_Student table whose student department id is 2

SELECT * FROM Diploma_Student WHERE Department_Id = 2;

In this example, we fetch the information whose department id is 2 from the table. Here, we applied the condition using the WHERE clause in the SELECT statement.

The output of the above query is as follows:

Student_Id	Student_Name	First_Sem	Second_Sem	Third_Sem	Fourth_Sem	Fifth_Sem	Sixth_Sem	Total	Department_Id
202112	Vaibhav Lokhande	85	90	92	80	85	82	86	2
202118	Sakshi Patil	80	78	74	78	80	77	78	2
202119	Sopan Bhore	70	68	75	75	80	80	75	2
202229	Manthan Koli	85	75	84	78	82	80	81	2

SQL SELECT Statement with the ORDER BY Clause

Example 3: Write a query to retrieve the student’s information from the Diploma_Student table in the descending order by Total column.

SELECT * FROM Diploma_Student ORDER BY Total DESC;

In this query, we fetched the student’s information from the Diploma_Student table in the descending order by Total column.

The output of the above query is as follows:

Student_Id	Student_Name	First_Sem	Second_Sem	Third_Sem	Fourth_Sem	Fifth_Sem	Sixth_Sem	Total	Department_Id
202111	Vaishnavi Patil	94	91	88	85	95	92	91	6
202114	Sonali Patole	95	90	92	88	92	90	91	4
202222	Venkatesh Iyer	90	89	87	90	92	91	90	3
202113	Yash Dhull	90	88	94	87	85	90	89	3
202230	Mayur Jain	80	88	87	90	92	90	88	1
202112	Vaibhav Lokhande	85	90	92	80	85	82	86	2
202226	Shwetali Bhagwat	90	80	85	88	90	80	86	6
202221	Anuja Wanare	85	88	86	82	84	85	85	7
202115	Axar Patel	85	80	82	86	92	84	85	1
202228	Utkarsh Rokade	85	80	80	90	84	84	84	5
202225	Akshay Agarwal	85	80	78	88	90	82	84	7
202227	Mayuri Wagh	80	80	85	80	82	85	82	4
202229	Manthan Koli	85	75	84	78	82	80	81	2
202220	Prajwal Lokhande	80	85	85	75	78	80	81	4
202224	Aakash Jain	80	75	72	74	85	80	78	7
202116	Meena Mishra	78	75	80	74	85	77	78	3
202118	Sakshi Patil	80	78	74	78	80	77	78	2
202117	Mahesh Kumbhar	75	80	75	78	80	76	77	5
202119	Sopan Bhore	70	68	75	75	80	80	75	2
202223	Anushka Sen	70	75	71	74	80	78	75	1

SQL SELECT Statement with the GROUP BY Clause

Example 4: Write a query to retrieve the student’s information from the Diploma_Student table GROUP BY First_Sem column.

SELECT * FROM Diploma_Student GROUP BY First_Sem;

The above example fetched the student's information from the Diploma_Student table GROUP BY First_Sem column.

The output of the above query is as follows:

Student_Id	Student_Name	First_Sem	Second_Sem	Third_Sem	Fourth_Sem	Fifth_Sem	Sixth_Sem	Total	Department_Id
202119	Sopan Bhore	70	68	75	75	80	80	75	2
202117	Mahesh Kumbhar	75	80	75	78	80	76	77	5
202116	Meena Mishra	78	75	80	74	85	77	78	3
202118	Sakshi Patil	80	78	74	78	80	77	78	2
202112	Vaibhav Lokhande	85	90	92	80	85	82	86	2
202113	Yash Dhull	90	88	94	87	85	90	89	3
202111	Vaishnavi Patil	94	91	88	85	95	92	91	6
202114	Sonali Patole	95	90	92	88	92	90	91	4

SQL SELECT Statement with the AND – OR Operator

Example 5: Write a query to retrieve the information of those students from the Diploma_Student table whose student department id is 2 and the percentage of sixth sem is greater than 75.

SELECT * FROM Diploma_Student WHERE Department_Id = 2 AND Sixth_Sem > 75;

In the above example, we fetched the information of those students from the Diploma_Student table whose student department id is 2 and the percentage of sixth sem is greater than 75.

The output of the above query is as follows:

Student_Id	Student_Name	First_Sem	Second_Sem	Third_Sem	Fourth_Sem	Fifth_Sem	Sixth_Sem	Total	Department_Id
202112	Vaibhav Lokhande	85	90	92	80	85	82	86	2
202118	Sakshi Patil	80	78	74	78	80	77	78	2
202119	Sopan Bhore	70	68	75	75	80	80	75	2
202229	Manthan Koli	85	75	84	78	82	80	81	2

Example 6: Write a query to retrieve the information of those students from the Diploma_Student table whose First_Sem percentage is greater than 80 or Fifth_Sem percentage is greater than 80.

SELECT * FROM Diploma_Student WHERE First_Sem > 85 OR Fifth_Sem > 80;

In the above example, we fetched the information of those students from the Diploma_Student table whose First_Sem percentage is greater than 80 or Fifth_Sem percentage is greater than 80.

The output of the above query is as follows:

Student_Id	Student_Name	First_Sem	Second_Sem	Third_Sem	Fourth_Sem	Fifth_Sem	Sixth_Sem	Total	Department_Id
202111	Vaishnavi Patil	94	91	88	85	95	92	91	6
202112	Vaibhav Lokhande	85	90	92	80	85	82	86	2
202113	Yash Dhull	90	88	94	87	85	90	89	3
202114	Sonali Patole	95	90	92	88	92	90	91	4
202115	Axar Patel	85	80	82	86	92	84	85	1
202116	Meena Mishra	78	75	80	74	85	77	78	3
202221	Anuja Wanare	85	88	86	82	84	85	85	7
202222	Venkatesh Iyer	90	89	87	90	92	91	90	3
202224	Aakash Jain	80	75	72	74	85	80	78	7
202225	Akshay Agarwal	85	80	78	88	90	82	84	7
202226	Shwetali Bhagwat	90	80	85	88	90	80	86	6
202227	Mayuri Wagh	80	80	85	80	82	85	82	4
202228	Utkarsh Rokade	85	80	80	90	84	84	84	5
202229	Manthan Koli	85	75	84	78	82	80	81	2
202230	Mayur Jain	80	88	87	90	92	90	88	1

SQL SELECT Statement with the BETWEEN – LIKE Operator:

Example 7: Write a query to retrieve the student's information from the Diploma_Student table where the Second_Sem percentage is exist between 75 and 85.

SELECT * FROM Diploma_Student WHERE Second_Sem BETWEEN 75 AND 85;

In the above example, we fetched the student's information from the Diploma_Student table, where the student Second_Sem percentage is exist between 75 and 85.

The output of the above query is as follows:

Student_Id	Student_Name	First_Sem	Second_Sem	Third_Sem	Fourth_Sem	Fifth_Sem	Sixth_Sem	Total	Department_Id
202115	Axar Patel	85	80	82	86	92	84	85	1
202116	Meena Mishra	78	75	80	74	85	77	78	3
202117	Mahesh Kumbhar	75	80	75	78	80	76	77	5
202118	Sakshi Patil	80	78	74	78	80	77	78	2
202220	Prajwal Lokhande	80	85	85	75	78	80	81	4
202223	Anushka Sen	70	75	71	74	80	78	75	1
202224	Aakash Jain	80	75	72	74	85	80	78	7
202225	Akshay Agarwal	85	80	78	88	90	82	84	7
202226	Shwetali Bhagwat	90	80	85	88	90	80	86	6
202227	Mayuri Wagh	80	80	85	80	82	85	82	4
202228	Utkarsh Rokade	85	80	80	90	84	84	84	5
202229	Manthan Koli	85	75	84	78	82	80	81	2

Example 8: Write a query to retrieve the student's information from the Diploma_Student table where the student's name starts with the letter 'A'.

SELECT * FROM Diploma_Student WHERE Student_Name LIKE ‘A%’;

In the above example, we fetched the student's information from the Diploma_Student table, where the student's name starts with the letter 'A'.

The output of the above query is as follows:

Student_Id	Student_Name	First_Sem	Second_Sem	Third_Sem	Fourth_Sem	Fifth_Sem	Sixth_Sem	Total	Department_Id
202115	Axar Patel	85	80	82	86	92	84	85	1
202221	Anuja Wanare	85	88	86	82	84	85	85	7
202223	Anushka Sen	70	75	71	74	80	78	75	1
202224	Aakash Jain	80	75	72	74	85	80	78	7
202225	Akshay Agarwal	85	80	78	88	90	82	84	7