SQL Arithmetic Operators

This page contains all the information, learn about SQL Arithmetic Operators concept in the SQL table with the help of examples.

The Arithmetic Operators is used to perform mathematical calculations on the numerical records or the value stored in the SQL table. The Arithmetic operator operates on two expressions like the addition of two values, subtraction of two values, multiplication of two values, division, and the modulus of two values. This operation is also performed on the columns of the SQL table. 

The operator which comes under the arithmetic operator is as follows:

1 SQL Addition Operators (+)

2 SQL Subtraction Operators (-)

3 SQL Multiplication Operators (*)

4 SQL Division Operators (/)

Consider the already existing table named Diploma_Student:

Student_Id	Student_Name	First_Sem	Second_Sem	Third_Sem	Fourth_Sem	Fifth_Sem	Sixth_Sem	Total	Department_Id
202111	Vaishnavi Patil	94	91	88	85	95	92	91	1
202112	Vaibhav Lokhande	85	90	92	80	85	82	86	2
202113	Yash Dhull	90	88	94	87	85	90	89	3
202114	Sonali Patole	95	90	92	88	92	90	91	4
202115	Axar Patel	85	80	82	86	92	84	85	1
202116	Meena Mishra	78	75	80	74	85	77	78	3
202117	Mahesh Kumbhar	75	80	75	78	80	76	77	5
202118	Sakashi Patil	80	78	74	78	80	77	78	2
202119	Sopan Bhore	70	68	75	75	80	80	75	2
202220	Prajwal Lokhande	80	85	85	75	78	80	81	4
202221	Anuja Wanare	85	88	86	82	84	85	85	5
202222	Venkatesh Iyer	90	89	87	90	92	91	90	3
202223	Anushka Sen	70	75	71	74	80	78	75	1
202224	Aakash Jain	80	75	72	74	85	80	78	4
202225	Akshay Agarwal	85	80	78	88	90	82	84	5

1 SQL Addition Operators (+)

The SQL Addition operator is used to perform mathematical calculations on the numeric records of the given tables. You can use the addition operator to add the numeric values of the given columns from the mentioned table in the query by specifying column names as the operand.   

The syntax of the SQL Addition operator is as follows:

SELECT Column_Name1, Column_Name_2, Column_Name_3 + Column_Name_4 FROM Table_Name;

Let’s understand how to execute addition operators in the SQL queries with the help of some examples.

Example 1: Execute a query to add First_Sem, Second_Sem, Third_Sem, Fourth_Sem, Fifth_Sem, and Sixth_Sem columns from the Diploma_Student.

SELECT Student_Id, Student_Name, First_Sem + Second_Sem + Third_Sem + Fourth_Sem + Fifth_Sem + Sixth_Sem AS 'Addition of Percentage', Department_Id FROM Diploma_Student;

In the above addition operator example, we have displayed the student id and student name and performed addition operations on First_Sem, Second_Sem, Third_Sem, Fourth_Sem, Fifth_Sem, and Sixth_Sem columns named column as ‘Addition of Percentage’. We have performed an addition operation on the multiple columns.

The output of the above query is as follows:

Student_Id	Student_Name	Addition of Percentage	Department_Id
202111	Vaishnavi Patil	545	1
202112	Vaibhav Lokhande	514	2
202113	Yash Dhull	534	3
202114	Sonali Patole	547	4
202115	Axar Patel	409	1
202116	Meena Mishra	469	3
202117	Mahesh Kumbhar	464	5
202118	Sakashi Patil	467	2
202119	Sopan Bhore	448	2
202220	Prajwal Lokhande	483	4
202221	Anuja Wanare	510	5
202222	Venkatesh Iyer	539	3
202223	Anushka Sen	448	1
202224	Aakash Jain	466	4
202225	Akshay Agarwal	503	5

Example 2: Execute a query to perform an addition operation on the total field from the diploma_Student table.

SELECT Student_Id, Student_Name, Total + 3 AS 'Add Percentage', Department_Id FROM Diploma_Student;

In the above Addition operator query example, we added 3 percentages to each student to the Total Fields.

The output of the above query is as follows:

Student_Id	Student_Name	Add Percentage	Department_Id
202111	Vaishnavi Patil	94	1
202112	Vaibhav Lokhande	89	2
202113	Yash Dhull	92	3
202114	Sonali Patole	94	4
202115	Axar Patel	88	1
202116	Meena Mishra	81	3
202117	Mahesh Kumbhar	80	5
202118	Sakashi Patil	81	2
202119	Sopan Bhore	78	2
202220	Prajwal Lokhande	84	4
202221	Anuja Wanare	88	5
202222	Venkatesh Iyer	93	3
202223	Anushka Sen	78	1
202224	Aakash Jain	81	4
202225	Akshay Agarwal	87	5

2 SQL Subtraction Operators (+):

The SQL Subtraction operator is used to perform mathematical calculations on the numeric records of the given tables. We can use the subtraction operator to subtract the numeric values of the given columns from the mentioned table in the query by specifying column names as the operand.   

The syntax of the SQL Subtraction operator is:

SELECT Column_Name1, Column_Name_2, Column_Name_3 - Column_Name_4 FROM Table_Name;

Let’s understand how to execute subtraction operators in SQL queries with the help of some examples.

Example: Execute a query to subtract Sixth sem values from the Fifth sem values.

SELECT Student_Id, Student_Name,  Fifth_Sem - Sixth_Sem AS 'Subtraction of values', Department_Id FROM Diploma_Student;

In the above subtraction operator query example, we subtract the sixth Sem values from the fifth Sem values.

The output of the above query is:

Student_Id	Student_Name	Subtraction of values	Department_Id
202111	Vaishnavi Patil	3	1
202112	Vaibhav Lokhande	3	2
202113	Yash Dhull	-5	3
202114	Sonali Patole	2	4
202115	Axar Patel	8	1
202116	Meena Mishra	8	3
202117	Mahesh Kumbhar	4	5
202118	Sakashi Patil	3	2
202119	Sopan Bhore	0	2
202220	Prajwal Lokhande	-2	4
202221	Anuja Wanare	-1	5
202222	Venkatesh Iyer	1	3
202223	Anushka Sen	2	1
202224	Aakash Jain	5	4
202225	Akshay Agarwal	8	5

3 SQL Multiplication Operators (+):

The SQL Multiplication operator is used to perform mathematical calculations on the numeric records of the given tables. We can use the Multiplication operator to multiply the numeric values of the given columns from the mentioned table in the query by specifying column names as the operand.   

The syntax of the SQL Multiplication operator is:

SELECT Column_Name1, Column_Name_2 * Column_Name_3, Column_Name_4 FROM Table_Name;

Let’s understand how to execute Multiplication operators in the SQL queries with the help of some examples.

Example: Execute a query to multiply the first sem column by 2.

SELECT Student_Id, Student_Name, First_Sem * 2 AS 'Multiplied by 2', Department_Id FROM Diploma_Student;

In the above multiplication operator query example, we multiplied the first sem column value by 2.

The output of the above query is as follows:

Student_Id	Student_Name	Multiplied by 2	Department_Id
202111	Vaishnavi Patil	188	1
202112	Vaibhav Lokhande	170	2
202113	Yash Dhull	180	3
202114	Sonali Patole	190	4
202115	Axar Patel	170	1
202116	Meena Mishra	156	3
202117	Mahesh Kumbhar	150	5
202118	Sakashi Patil	160	2
202119	Sopan Bhore	140	2
202220	Prajwal Lokhande	160	4
202221	Anuja Wanare	170	5
202222	Venkatesh Iyer	180	3
202223	Anushka Sen	140	1
202224	Aakash Jain	160	4
202225	Akshay Agarwal	170	5

4 SQL Division Operators (+):

The SQL Division operator is used to perform mathematical calculations on the numeric records of the given tables. We can use the Division operator to divide the numeric values of the given columns from the mentioned table in the query by specifying column names as the operand.   

The syntax of the SQL Division operator is as follows:

SELECT Column_Name1, Column_Name_2 / Column_Name_3, Column_Name_4 FROM Table_Name;

Let’s understand how to execute Division operators in the SQL queries with the help of some examples.

Example: Execute a query to add First_Sem, Second_Sem, Third_Sem, Fourth_Sem, Fifth_Sem, and Sixth_Sem columns and divide the value by 6.

SELECT Student_Id, Student_Name, (First_Sem + Second_Sem + Third_Sem + Fourth_Sem + Fifth_Sem + Sixth_Sem)/6 AS 'Division Operation', Department_Id FROM Diploma_Student;

In the above Division operator query example, we first added values from the First_Sem, Second_Sem, Third_Sem, Fourth_Sem, Fifth_Sem, and Sixth_Sem and then divided the value by 6. We performed multiple operations in the above query.

The output of the above query is as follows:

Student_Id	Student_Name	Division Operation	Department_Id
202111	Vaishnavi Patil	90.8333	1
202112	Vaibhav Lokhande	85.6667	2
202113	Yash Dhull	89.0000	3
202114	Sonali Patole	91.1667	4
202115	Axar Patel	84.8333	1
202116	Meena Mishra	78.1667	3
202117	Mahesh Kumbhar	77.3333	5
202118	Sakashi Patil	77.8333	2
202119	Sopan Bhore	74.6667	2
202220	Prajwal Lokhande	80.5000	4
202221	Anuja Wanare	85.0000	5
202222	Venkatesh Iyer	89.8333	3
202223	Anushka Sen	74.6667	1
202224	Aakash Jain	77.6667	4
202225	Akshay Agarwal	83.8333	5