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How to create a button in C++

A button is an option through which a user can control to click a provided input to an application. There are several buttons, each with different styles, to maintain the difference between the buttons. We use different buttons for a proper structure for an application and a suitable design. Any user can select a button in three different ways they are:

  • By clicking it with a mouse.
  • By using a specific tab to enter
  • By using arrow keys to move within a group

The working of a button is like this. First, the system provides a button for the keyboard focus. Then the button sends a message to the parent window asking to notify it of the selection. After this, the system sends a message to the button to change its state, and finally, the button will output its new state.

In this article, we got a little idea of what a button is, so now we will learn how to create the button in C++ programming language and some other features and uses of basic buttons on a web application.

Creating a button in C++ programming language:

We use one primary function to create a button: CreateWindow or CreateWindowEx dynamically. To work with this function, we must first learn about all windows controls and have a proper windows user interface programming with C/C++ language pre-installed. Now let us look at an example code below to create a button using the CreateWindow function.

Code:

HWND hwndButton = CreateWindow( 
    L"BUTTON",  // a predefined class (Unicode)
    L"OK",      // text of button
    WS_TABSTOP | WS_VISIBLE | WS_CHILD | BS_DEFPUSHBUTTON,  // Styles 
    10,         // x-axis position 
    10,         // y axis position 
    100,        // width of button
    100,        // height of button
    m_hwnd,     // main window
    NULL,       // No extrenall links
    (HINSTANCE)GetWindowLongPtr(m_hwnd, GWLP_HINSTANCE), 
    NULL);      // no pointers required

In the above C++ example code, we used a new parameter (m_hwnd). This is used to handle the main window. And the word BS_DEFPUSHBUTTON refers to the style type of the button, where it specifies this button is a default push button. And then, we assigned the size and position values. In this code, we specified the dimensions and position values because we used CW_USEDEFAULT, so this function automatically sets all parameters to zero as default. And with this piece of code, we can create a button on any application required.

Applications of buttons:

  • A button can send messages to the main window, and the main window returns a message back to the button. So the main or parent window will send the message to the button through an overlapped window using a function called SendMessage. The application will use the BM_GETCHECK message to retrieve the check status of a radio button.
  • Similarly, notifications from a button are sent to the main window as WM_COMMAND or WM_NOTIFY messages. These will reach information about which message is used and the reference for every notification.
  • Button color messages are a default color provided by the system, where an application can retrieve default values by identifying the color. It can identify by using a function called GetSysColor, or we set the values by using a function called SetSysColors. And this SetSysColors will affect the whole application, so we should not use this function for the customized buttons in an application.
  • There is a default messaging process for the button where the system procedure for the predefined button control window class is. This is a default processing procedure for all messaging buttons, and this will state any Boolean statements given to a button.
  • The predefined window procedure will pass all other messages to the function DefWindoeProc for the default message processing.

Conclusion:

In this article, we have covered the basics of a button and its purpose of the button. Then we have learned how to create a button in C++ programming language. Then we have discussed on the messaging concepts and protocols of the button, like sending messages to the button, notification messages from the buttons, button color messages, and a few related topics. And with all these concepts, we will get a clear idea of how to use buttons. Where to use buttons? And why should we use the button? 

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