Top 7 programming languages for backend web development

Web Development is primarily divided into two facets: front-end and back-end development. They each have their own set of technology and tools. For instance, when discussing front-end development, HTML, CSS, and JavaScript are always mentioned first and foremost. In backend web development, the main focus is on how the website operates. We primarily need a backend computer program, along with various additional tools & technologies, including databases, frameworks, web servers, etc.

1. JavaScript

Most likely, JavaScript is mentioned nine out of ten times whenever there is a conversation about web development. According to annual statistics from many well-known websites, including Stack Overflow and Octoverse, JavaScript is one of the computer industry's most popular and top-ranking programming languages. It is largely due to the fact that the specific language may be utilized for both front-end and back-end web development. It can be concluded from historical patterns and statistics that the rise of Node.js has boosted the use of JavaScript as a backend language for web development. Meanwhile, the language offers you a number of outstanding capabilities for backend development, including a lightweight scripting language, dynamic typing, interpretability, support for object-oriented programming, client-side validation, a large user community, and many more.

2. Python

Despite the fact that Python is well known for being compatible with cutting-edge technologies like Machine Learning, the Internet of Things (IoT), Data Science, etc. Let us inform you that this fascinating programming language is extensively utilised and is excellent for creating backend web applications. Python is one of Google's three main programming languages, along with Java and C++, and it is heavily utilized by even one of the biggest IT companies today, Google. Better code readability is one of Python's extra notable and distinguishing advantages. Web developers prefer it more than other languages because of its portability, support for GUI programming, and ease of interface with other languages.

3. PHP

Hypertext Preprocessor, also known as PHP, is a seasoned player in the field of online development. It is not really require to need a compiler as it is an interpreted language, and it can be used with practically any major operating system, including Windows, Linux, macOS, Unix, etc. Aside from that, PHP is particularly secure for server-side scripting since it includes a wide range of hash functions for protecting user input. If you're just starting out, PHP is a good choice for backend web development.

4. Java

Java is another best programming language for creating the backend applications of a website. Java also supports multithreading, which enables the simultaneous execution of two or more threads for maximum CPU performance. Platform independence, adherence to OOP concepts, extensive open-source libraries, automated memory allocation & garbage collection, portability, etc. are some other benefits of Java.

5. Ruby

 The Ruby language is commonly used for web development globally and is highly suggested to beginners for getting started with backend web development because it is relatively simpler to learn. This particular language supports practically all major platforms, including Windows, Mac, and Linux. Dynamic and Duck typing, automatic garbage collection, a large standard library, customized dispatch behaviour, flexibility and scalability, centralized package management with RubyGems, etc., are some of the features offered by this programming language.

6. Golang

According to Stack Overflow's study last year, it was in the top 5 most liked programming languages by developers. If you still believe that developers don't really like Go, then allow us to correct it. It is a statically typed programming language created at Google with syntax very similar to C. The language makes it easier for developers to create scalable and secure web applications.Other notable features of the Go language are its readability, compiled structure, support for concurrency, excellent performance, and ease of learning. Go is also supported by Google.

7. C#

C# is one of the selected few programming languages that has consistently placed lower than the top 5 programming languages over the past few years according to a variety of recognized indices. However, you should be aware that Microsoft initially conceived this general-purpose language, particularly for it. Outside of backend web development, C# is now commonly utilized in a variety of industries, including the creation of Windows apps and video games, among others. The language offers you a number of beneficial characteristics, including component-oriented and structured language, faster compilation, interoperability, scalability, and update ability. Moreover, C# offers a wide range of libraries that aid developers in creating software more quickly and effectively. As a result, C# is a programming language that you can try if you're looking for one for a backend web developer job.

Therefore, we have included the most valuable and advisable programming languages for backend web development that you might think about learning. You can choose any of the above languages, according to your objectives, project requirements, learning curve, etc.