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Python Tutorial

Python Tutorial for Beginners

Python tutorial is a widely used programming language which helps beginners and professionals to understand the basics of Python programming easily.

Python is a high-level, easy, interpreted, general-purpose, and dynamic programming language. It supports object-oriented programming approach. It is straight forward to learn, and its elegant syntax allows programmers to express concepts in fewer lines of code as compared to other languages such as C, C++, or Java.

It has excellent data-structure, which makes it a unique language for scripting and application development on most platforms.

Python is a platform-independent language, which means a Python program can run on any operating system like Windows, Macintosh, Linux, etc.

Python runs on an interpreted system, which means that code can be executed line by line.

Python is a dynamically typed, so we don’t need to declare the data type of variable such as x=20 assigns an integer value to an integer variable.

In Python, development and debugging is fast because there are no compilation steps included in Python development, and edit-test-debug cycle is also very fast.

A Brief History of Python

The implementation of Python was started in the late 1980s by Guido van Rossum as a member of the National Research Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science in Netherland. Its first version was released on February 20, 1991.

The Python concepts have taken from the ABC programming language. ABC is a general-purpose programming language, and the greatest achievement of ABC was to influence the design of Python.

ABC programming language is known as predecessor of the Python language. ABC was capable of Exception Handling and interfacing with Amoeba Operating System.

Fact about choosing a name: The inspiration for the title came from BBC’s popular TV Show – 'Monty Python's Flying Circus,' as Guido van Rossum was a big fan of the TV show. He wanted a short, unique and little bit mysterious name for his invention and hence he named it Python.

  • In 1994, Python version 1.0 was released with new features like map, filter, and reduce.
  • Python 2.0 was released on Oct 2000 with new features like listcomprehension and garbagecollectionsystem.
  • Python 3.0, also known as "Py3k" was released on December 3, 2018, with new features. For example, in Python 2.x, "print" is a statement. In 3.x "print()" is function.

Python 2.x: 

print "Hello World."

Python 3.x: 

print("Hello World.")

Usage of Python

Python is used by many programmers and used in various fields. Most of the time, it is used to perform any complicated task in a much easier way than other programming languages.

When Python is installed, it comes up with the many powerful libraries which made up of many functions.

There are many libraries available on the internet that makes it possible to do complicated tasks more straightforwardly.

These standard libraries make it a powerful programming language. Python is widely used in the following fields:

  • Web development,
  • Software development,
  • Machine Learning,
  • GUIs based applications,
  • Network programming,
  • Game development,
  • Mathematics
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Data Science

Why Python?

Here are some reasons why Python is the most popular language these days:

uses of Python | why python

Python provides rich libraries:

Python provides vast standard libraries that include areas like machine learning, mathematics, web service tools, operating system interfaces, and protocols.

Python is Open Source language:

Python is freely available at its official site (www.python.org). Anyone can download Python from its official website

Easy to use:

Python is very easy to learn and easy to use. It is a user-friendly language. It uses a few lines to express the code as compared to other languages.

For example- Suppose you want to print “Hello world” in java, code will be

public class HelloWorld {
public static void main(String[] args){
// Prints "Hello, World" to the terminal window.
System.out.println("Hello World");
}
}

In Python, it can be done by using one statement.

print(“Hello World”)

The output will be the same in both codes, but in Python, it takes only one line.

Frameworks and Libraries

Python provides various frameworks for different development fields. There are some popular frameworks given below:

  • Web development (Server-side): Django is the most popular web development framework of Python. Flask, Pyramid, CherryPy, and others are also used for development.
  • GUIs based applications: Tk, PyGTK, PyQt, PyJs, etc
  • Machine Learning: TensorFlow, PyTorch, Scikit-learn, Matplotlib, etc
  • Mathematics: Numpy, Pandas, etc.

Object-Oriented Approach

Python supports object-oriented programming approach. In object-oriented programming, OOPs concepts are based on creating reusable code and solve programming problems by creating objects. These concepts are also known as DRY (Don’t Repeat Yourself).

In Python, OOPs concepts are given below:

  • Classes
  • Objects
  • Inheritance
  • Polymorphism
  • Encapsulation

We will learn these concepts in Python OOPs tutorial.

Extensible

Python is extensible, which allows invoking C and C++ library, and you can combine JAVA as well as .NET components.

Portability

Python is a portable language. For example, we have Python program for windows, and we want to run this code on other platforms such as Mac, Unix, Linux, then we do not need to change the code, we can run it on any platform. In this tutorial, we have covered a brief introduction to Python. Python is a very popular language and nothing wrong to say that it is the next generation language

Python Tutorial

Python Conditional Statements

Python Loops

Python Arrays

Python Strings

Python Built-in Data Structure

Python Functions

Python File Handling

Python Exception Handling

Python OOPs Concept

Python Iterators

Python Generators

Python Decorators

Python Functions and Methods

Python Modules

Python MySQL

Python MongoDB

Python SQLite

Python Data Structure Implementation

Python Advance Topics

Python 2

Python 3

How to

Sorting

Programs

Questions

Differences

Python Kivy

Python Tkinter

Python PyQt5

Misc


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