DBMS Concepts

DBMS Tutorial Components of DBMS. Applications of DBMS The difference between file system and DBMS. Types of DBMS DBMS Architecture DBMS Schema Three Schema Architecture. DBMS Languages.

DBMS ER Model

ER model: Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) Components of ER Model. DBMS Generalization, Specialization and Aggregation.

DBMS Relational Model

Codd’s rule of DBMS Relational DBMS concepts Relational Integrity Constraints DBMS keys Convert ER model into Relational model Difference between DBMS and RDBMS Relational Algebra DBMS Joins

DBMS Normalization

Functional Dependency Inference Rules Multivalued Dependency Normalization in DBMS: 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF and 4NF

DBMS Transaction

What is Transaction? States of transaction ACID Properties in DBMS Concurrent execution and its problems DBMS schedule DBMS Serializability Conflict Serializability View Serializability Deadlock in DBMS Concurrency control Protocols

Difference

Difference between DFD and ERD

Misc

Advantages of DBMS Disadvantages of DBMS Data Models in DBMS Relational Algebra in DBMS Cardinality in DBMS Entity in DBMS Attributes in DBMS Data Independence in DBMS Primary Key in DBMS Foreign Key in DBMS Candidate Key in DBMS Super Key in DBMS Aggregation in DBMS Hashing in DBMS Generalization in DBMS Specialization in DBMS View in DBMS File Organization in DBMS What Is A Cloud Database What Is A Database Levels Of Locking In DBMS What is RDBMS Fragmentation in Distributed DBMS What is Advanced Database Management System Data Abstraction in DBMS Checkpoint In DBMS B Tree in DBMS BCNF in DBMS Advantages of Threaded Binary Tree in DBMS Advantages of Database Management System in DBMS Enforcing Integrity Constraints in DBMS B-Tree Insertion in DBMS B+ Tree in DBMS Advantages of B-Tree in DBMS Types of Data Abstraction in DBMS Levels of Abstraction in DBMS 3- Tier Architecture in DBMS Anomalies in Database Management System Atomicity in Database Management System Characteristics of DBMS DBMS Examples Difference between Relational and Non-Relational Databases Domain Constraints in DBMS Entity and Entity set in DBMS ER Diagram for Banking System in DBMS ER Diagram for Company Database in DBMS ER Diagram for School Management System in DBMS ER Diagram for Student Management System in DBMS ER Diagram for University Database in DBMS ER Diagram of Company Database in DBMS Er Diagram Symbols and Notations in DBMS How to draw ER-Diagram in DBMS Integrity Constraints in DBMS Red-Black Tree Deletion in DBMS Red-Black Tree Properties in DBMS Red-Black Tree Visualization in DBMS Redundancy in Database Management System Secondary Key in DBMS Structure of DBMS 2-Tier Architecture in DBMS Advantages and Disadvantages of Binary Search Tree Closure of Functional Dependency in DBMS Consistency in Database Management System Durability in Database Management System ER Diagram for Bank Management System in DBMS ER Diagram for College Management System in DBMS ER Diagram for Hotel Management System in DBMS ER Diagram for Online Shopping ER Diagram for Railway Reservation System ER Diagram for Student Management System in DBMS Isolation in DBMS Lossless Join and Dependency Preserving Decomposition in DBMS Non-Key Attributes in DBMS Data Security Requirements in DBMS DBMS functions and Components What is Homogeneous Database? DBMS Functions and Components Advantages and Disadvantages of Distributed Database Relational Database Schema in DBMS Relational Schema Transaction Processing in DBMS Discriminator in DBMS

Disavantages of RDBMS

RDBMS offers many features when handling the data, but it also has certain limitations that can be overcome by choosing an alternative data model. The limitations of the Relational Data Model are as follows:

Cost

The set-up cost of an RDBMS is relatively very high. It requires high performing system to function properly. We need to purchase a license for the quite expensive management software. The management software is constantly upgrading, and for the version to work efficiently, users need to timely install these updates. When dealing with a huge volume of data, the system needs to be optimized and to do so, both the hardware and the operating software should be updated. All these updation and installations cost a fortune.

If the database requirement is of a non-programmer, then the person may require to hire a DBA in order to develop and look after the operations of the management system. The maintenance cost of the relational database management system itself is very expensive. In most cases, the user will be required to renew the software's yearly or monthly license. The database requires timely back-ups, for which you may require additional storage hardware. 

Managing Huge Volume of Data

As the number of data increases, there is an increase in the complexity of the database. The data is segregated based on common attributes that may complicate searching for a particular data entity. Another issue with the relational database management system is that the user cannot store multimedia files in the database.

Requirement of Physical Storage

The data is stored in most relational database management systems in the local system. That makes it necessary to have large physical storage. This physical storage is quite expensive. It complicates the data searching, and the management system's query processing speed is also reduced.

Performance Issue

As the data increases, similarly, the number of columns and rows in the relational database are also increased. The increase in the data can significantly decrease the speed of the management system.

Structural limits of the Relational Database Management System. In theoritical way, we can store an unlimited amount of data in the relational database management system. Still, there are limitations to the rows and columns that can be added in relational databases. There are constraints on the data length and type that can be entered in the field. The user needs to specify the limitations when defining the structure of the relational database.

Information Loss

In a large organization, the structure of the relational databases is quite complex to reduce the redundancy of the data and save the storage. The data is frequently normalized, increases the number of tables, and even complicates the database schema. More the tables in the database, there are more chances of data loss, too, as it becomes very difficult to keep track of all the data stored in the relational database.

Primitive Management System

There have been many technological advancements, and the relational database model is comparatively primitive. There are new database models that provide more features and can handle even large amounts of data efficiently.