String in C
String is a collection of character or group of characters. In array, string of character is terminated by a null value “\0” and enclose between double quote. We can declare string in two ways:
- By char array.
- By string literal
char ch[5]={‘a’, ‘e’,’i’.’o’,’u’,’\0’}; // By char array
char nm[5]=”C -Tutorial” ; // By string literalsThere are various types of string functions supported by C language.
| String Function | Description |
| strcpy(a1, a2); | It is used to copy the string a2 into string a1. |
| strcat(a1, a2); | It is used to concatenate the string a2 onto the end of string a1. |
| strlen(a1); | It is used to find the length of string.. |
| strcmp(a1, a2); | It is used to compare twostring and returns 0 if both strings are equal. |
| strrev() | It is used to reverse the sting . |
| strstr(a1, a2); | It is used to return a pointer to the a2 in string a1. |
Let us consider an example of string functions.
Example 1: strcpy()
#includeExample 2: strcpy()#include int main () { char a1[10] = "Hello"; char a2[10]; strcpy(a2, a1); printf(" Value of Second sting is a2: %s\n", a2); return 0; }
#includeExample 3: strlen()#include int main () { char a1[10] = "Hello"; char a2[10]="world"; strcat(a2, a1); printf(" Concatenates a1 and a2: %s\n", a2); return 0; }
#includeExample 4: strcmp()#include int main () { char a1[10] = "Hello"; int len=strlen(a1); printf("Find the length of a1: %d\n", len); return 0; }
#includeExample 5: strrev()#include int main () { char a1[10] = "Hello"; char a2[10] = "Hello"; if(strcmp(a1,a2)==0){ printf("String are equal"); }else{ printf("String are not equal"); } return 0; }
#includeExample 6: strstr()#include int main () { char a1[10] = "DOG"; printf("\n Reverse String is:%s",strrev(a1)); return 0; }
#include#include int main () { char a1[50] = "This is c tutorial form tutorial and example" ; char *ptr; ptr =strstr(a1,"tutorial"); printf("substring is : %s", ptr); return 0; }