Computer Network Tutorial

Introduction of Computer Network Types of Computer Network Network Topology Computer Networking Architecture Transmission Modes (Data Flow) Basic Networking Devices Integrate Services Digital Network (ISDN)

Model

OSI Model TCP/IP Model

Physical Layer

Digital Transmission Analog Transmission Transmission Media Switching

Data Link Layer

Error detection and Error correction Data Link Control Multiple Access Aloha

Network Layer

Network Layer - Logical Address Address Mapping Unicast Routing Protocol

Transport Layer

Process to Process Delivery User Datagram Protocol Transmission Control Protocol Stream Control Transmission Protocol Session Layer and Presentation Layer

Application Layer

Domain Name System Application Protocol E-mail Cryptography

Misc

Classes of Routing Protocols Classification of Routing Algorithms Controlled Access Protocols in Computer Networks Differences between IPv4 and IPv6 Fixed and Flooding Routing Algorithms Advantages and Disadvantages of Fibre Optics Cable APIPA Difference between Active and Passive FTP Fiber Optics and its Types Method of Joining and Fusion of Fiber Optic Cable Define Framing in Computer Network Disadvantages of Computer Network Mesh Topology Diagram in Computer Network Ring Topology in Computer Network Star Topology in Computer Networks 4G Mobile Communication Technology Advantages and Disadvantages of LAN Advantages and Disadvantages of MAN Advantages and Disadvantages of WAN Application Layer in OSI Model Cyclic Redundancy Check Example Data link layer in OSI model Difference between Transport and Network Layer Hamming Code Example Network Layer in OSI Model Session Layer in OSI Model Transport Layer in OSI Model Two Port Network in Computer Networks Uses of Computer Networks What is Computer Network What is Framing in a Computer Network Advantages and Disadvantages of Bus Topology Difference between Star Topology and Bus Topology Subnetting in Computer Network Subnetting Questions and Answers What is Bus Topology What is Network Topology and Types in Computer Networks Access Control in Networking Basic Characteristics of Computer Network Benefits of SOCKS5 Proxy in Computer Networks Computer Network viva Questions Difference between BOOTP and RARP Difference Between Network Topologies and Network Protocols Difference between NFC and RFID Difference Between Point-to-Point Link and star Topology Network Differences Between MSS and MTU Differences Between Trunk Port and Access Port Different Modes of Communication in Computer Networks MIME Protocol in Computer Networks Modes of Communication in Computer Networks Network Attack in Computer Network Port Address in Networking Simplest Protocol in Computer Network Sliding Window Protocol in Computer Network Stop And Wait Protocol in Computer Networks TCP 3-Way Handshake Process in Computer Networks What is a Proxy Server What is APPN What is ICMP Protocol What is Point-to-Point Protocol What is Port Address in Networking What is the HDLC Protocol What is VRRP Protocol Difference Between Analog and Digital Signals Difference Between Hub and Repeater Difference between Repeater and Switch Difference Between Transparent Bridge and Source Routing Bridge Source Routing Bridge in Computer Networks Transparent Bridge in Computer Networks Transport Protocol in Computer Networks Types of CSMA in Computer Networks What is Wired and Wireless Networking Network Security in Computer Network Disadvantages of Extranet Difference Between TELNET and FTP Define Protocol in Computer Networks Guided Transmission Media in Computer Network What is a Gateway in a Computer Network IGMP in Computer Networks LAN Protocols in Computer Networks MAN Meaning in Computer Modulation Techniques in Computer Networks Switching in DCN TCP/IP Applications What is IGMP? What is Modem in Networking What is Non-Persistent CSMA Difference between Cell Splitting and Cell Sectoring Forouzen Computer Network

Computer Network Architecture

Computer network architecture is a design in which all the computers are organized in a computer network. The architecture defines how computers must communicate with each other to obtain maximum benefits from a computer network, such as better response time, security, scalability, transfer data rate, connectivity, etc.

There are two most popular computer network architectures used.

  1. Peer to Peer Network
  2. Client-server Network

Peer to Peer Network

In a peer-to-peer network, each computer acts as its client and server, i.e., it can perform both requests and responses. A Peer-To-Peer network has no dedicated servers, but all computers act as a server for the data stored in them.

Peer to Peer network is a network to which all computers are used the same resources and rights as other computers. Its network designed primarily for the small local area.

The following Figure depicts a Peer-to-Peer Network, with each computer network acting as both client and server.

Computer Network Architecture

Advantages of Peer to Peer Network

  1. Less Costly: There are no dedicated servers, so the network is cost efficient.
  2. Simple Setup & Maintain: It is simple to set up and maintain.
  3. A network administrator is not required.

Disadvantages of Peer to Peer Network

  1. Security is another problem on this network because malware can easily be transmitted through the network.
  2. It usually doesn't work well with more than "10" users.
  3. We can’t access the shared data once the computer crashes or automatically turns off.

Client-server Network

In a Client-Server Network, one central computer act as a hub that is known as a server, and all other computers are known as a client. A Client-Server network has a dedicated server providers. All shared data is stored in the server, which is shared with the client computer when the client computer makes a request. The server is responsible for managing all data, such as files, directories, printers, etc. All clients connect via a server.

The following Figure depicts a Client-Server Network.

Computer Network Architecture

Advantages of Client-Server Network

  1. Security in a client-server network is better because a server manages shared resources.
  2. The client-server network improves the overall performance of the system with the help of a dedicated server.
  3. Data backup is secure, as every computer does not need to manage the backup.

Disadvantages of Client-server Network

  1. The entire network is down in case of server failure.
  2. It difficult to set up and maintain.
  3. The client-server network is costly, as it requires a large memory server.

Difference Between Peer to Peer network and Client-Server network?

Peer to Peer networkClient-Server network
It is used in small networks with less than "10" computers.  It usually used on both small and large networks.  
In Peer-to-Peer Network, each computer is used to store its own data.  A centralized server is used to store data in a Client-Server network.  
A Peer-To-Peer network is cheaper than a Client-Server network.  A Client-Server network is more expensive than a Peer to Peer network.  
A Peer-To-Peer network is less stable and secure than Client-Server.A client-server network is more stable and secure than Peer-To-Peer.
Peer to Peer doesn't need a server.A powerful computer that acts as a server.