File Handling in C

C fopen() function The fopen() function is used to open a file.The given syntax of file opening is. Syntax

FILE *fopen( const char * filePath, const char * mode );

Let us consider an example

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
    FILE *fp;
    fp = fopen("fileName.txt","w");
    return 0;
}

Here is filePath declare a variable as a pointer to the data type FILE. There are different type of modes that help us to access the file in the fopen() function.

Mode	Description
r	It is used to open a text file in read mode.
W	It is used to open a text file in write mode.
a	It is used to open a text file in append mode.
r+	It is used open a text file in read and write mode.
w+	It is used open a text file in read and write mode.
a+	It is used open a text file in read and write mode.
rb	It is used open a binary file in read mode.
wb	It is used open a binary file in write mode.
ab	It is used open a binary file in append mode.
rb+	It is used open a binary file in read and write mode.
wb+	It is used open a binary file in read and write mode.
ab+	It is used open a binary file in read and write mode.

C fclose() function: The fclose() function is used to close a file . Following is the syntax of fclose() function Syntax:

char fclose( FILE *fp);

Example

#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
    FILE *fp;
    fp = fopen("fileName.txt","w");
    fprintf(fp, "%s", "Hello we are learning C langauge  from TutorialAndExample
.com");
    fclose(fp);
    return 0;
}

• The above example will call the < filename> name.
• The wis used to open for writing, and if the file does not exist then new file will be created.
• The fprintf function writes text on the file.
• The fclosefunction closed the file and reassesses the memory stream.

C getc() function In C language, getc() function is  library function that is used to read a character from a file. Synatx:

int getc( FILE * stream );

Example

#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
  FILE *fp = fopen("fileName.txt", "r");
  int ch = getc(fp);
  while (ch != EOF){
    /* To display the contents of the file on the screen */
    putchar(ch);
    ch = getc(fp);
  }
 if (feof(fp))
     printf("\n Reached the end of file.");
  else
     printf("\n Something gone wrong.");
  fclose(fp);
  getchar();
  return 0;
}

Cfputc() function In C language, fputc() function is used to write a character to the file. Syntax:

int fputc( int c, FILE * stream );

#include <stdio.h>
int main(){ 
   FILE *fp; 
   /* file open */
   fp = fopen("myfilee.txt", "w");   
   /* writing single character into file */
   fputc('a',fp);
   fclose(fp); 
}

C fprintf()function: The C printf() function is used  to write the characters into file. Syntax:

int fprintf(FILE *stream, const char *format [, argument, ...])

Example

#include <stdio.h>
main(){ 
   FILE *fp; 
   fp = fopen("myfilee.txt", "w"); 
   fprintf(fp, "Helloworld  file by fprintf...\n"); 
   fclose(fp);
}

C fscanf()function: The C fscanf() is used to read the characters from file. It reads a word from the file and returns EOF at the end of file. Syntax:

int fscanf(FILE *stream, const char *format [, argument, ...])

Example

#include <stdio.h>
int main(){ 
   FILE *fp; 
   char buff[255]; 
   fp = fopen("myfilee.txt", "r"); 
   while(fscanf(fp, "%s", buff)!=EOF){ 
   printf("%s ", buff ); 
   } 
   fclose(fp); 
}

C fputs() function C fputs() function is used to write a line of characters into file  and return outputs string to a stream. Syntax:

int fputs(const char *s, FILE *stream)

Example

#include<stdio.h>
int main(){ 
FILE *fp; 
fp=fopen("myfilee.txt","w"); 
fputs("Hello You are Good Programmer .",fp); 
fclose(fp); 
return 0;
}

C fgets() function The fgets() functionis used to read a line of character from file and get string from a stream. Syntax: char* fgets(char *s, int n, FILE *stream)  Example

#include
int main(){
FILE *fp;
char text[200];
fp=fopen("myfilee.txt","r");
printf("%s",fgets(text,100,fp));
fclose(fp);
return 0;
}

Output :

Hello You are Programmer