Math functions in C

Math functions in C: 

In the C programming language, the compiler allows the developer to perform mathematical operations through the header’s functions, represented by <math.h>. The <math.h> header defines various mathematical functions and one macro.

Many functions are available in this library to take double as an argument and then return double as a result. The <math.h> header file consist of various methods and types for performing many mathematical operations in the program, such as sqrt(), floor(), ceil(), pow(), and so on.

The C mathematical operations are a group of functions present in the standard library of the C standard language that implements essential functions of mathematics. In present, all these functions use floating point numbers in one manner or the other.

Different C standards provide a different albeit backward compatible set of functions. Most of the functions are available in the C standard library but in different header files.

Functions included in <math.h> header are as discussed below:

• double ceil (double number)

The ceil() rounds up the given number, and it always returns the integer value, which will be greater than or equal to the given number.

E.g.:

 #include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <math.h>
int main()
{
float n1, n2, n3, n4;
n1 = 1.6;
n2 = 1.2;
n3 = -1.6;
n4 = -1.2;
printf (“The ceil of n1 = %f \n”, ceil(n1));
printf (“The ceil of n2 = %f \n”, ceil(n2));
printf (“The ceil of n2 = %f \n”, ceil(n2));
printf (“The ceil of n2 = %f \n”, ceil(n2));
return 0;
} 

Output

• double floor (double number):

The floor() rounds up the given number, and it always returns the integer value, sqrt() which will be greater than or equal to the given number.

E.g.:

 #include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <math.h>
int main()
{
float n1, n2, n3, n4;
n1 = 1.6;
n2 = 1.2;
n3 = -1.6;
n4 = -1.2;
printf (“The floor of n1 = %f \n”, floor(n1));
printf (“The floor of n2 = %f \n”, floor(n2));
printf (“The floor of n3 = %f \n”, floor(n3));
printf (“The floor of n4 = %f \n”, floor(n4));
return 0;
} 

Output

• double abs (double number)

The abs() returns the absolute value of the given number.

E.g.:

 #include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
   int m = abs(200);     // m is assigned to 200
   int n = abs(-400);    // n is assigned to -400
   printf("Absolute value of m = %d\n", m);
   printf("Absolute value of n = %d \n",n);
   return 0;
} 

Output

• double fabs (double number)

The fabs() and abs() function work in a similar way as both returns the absolute value of the number given.

• double pow (base, exponent)

The pow() returns the power of the given number and its exponent.

E.g.:

 #include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <math.h>
int main()
{
int base, power;
double float;
printf (“Enter the base number:”);
scanf (“%d”, &base);
printf (“Enter the power to be raised of the number:”);
scanf (“%d”, &base);
result = pow(base, power);
printf (“%d ^ %d = %.2 lf”, base, power, result);
return 0;
} 

Output

• sqrt (double number)

The sqrt() returns the square root of the given number.

E.g.:

 #include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <math.h>
int main()
{
printf (“The square root of the number 5 is: %d”, sqrt(5));
printf (“The square root of the number 10 is: %d”, sqrt(10));
return 0;
} 

Output

• double log (double number)

The log() returns the natural logarithm of the given number, that is, the base e logarithm of the number.

E.g.:

 #include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <math.h>
int main()
{
double n = 5.6, result;
result = log(num);
printf (“log(%.lf) = %.2 f”, num, result);
return 0;
} 

Output

• double log10 (double number)

The log10() returns the common logarithm of the given number, that is, the base 10 logarithm of the number.

E.g.:

 #include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <math.h>
int main()
{
double n = 4, result;
result = log10(num);
printf (“log10(%lf) = %.2 f”, num, result);
return 0;
} 

Output