C++ Introduction
C++ is an object-oriented programming language. It was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at AT&T Bell Laboratories. It is superset (extension) of C programming language.
Depending upon features supported by programming languages, they are classified into two different categories:
- Object-based programming languages
- Object-oriented programming languages
Object-based programming language
The language that supports programming using objects is called object-based programming language. Important features of object-based programming languages are:
- Data encapsulation
- Data hiding
- Operator overloading
- Automatic initialization
Object-oriented programming language
Object-oriented programming supports the features of object-based programming along with inheritance and dynamic binding.
C++ fully supports object-oriented programming. To understand Object-Oriented programming, we need to know the concept of a major pillar of it:
- Object
- Class
- Data abstraction
- Encapsulation
- Polymorphism
- Inheritance
- Dynamic binding
- Message passing
C++ is not a pure object-oriented language. Object-oriented means working with object and class, but in C++ program can be written without using class.
C++ Usages
C++ program is applied in a large number of different sector. Some of them are as follow:
- Windows System
- Real-time system
- Object-oriented database
- Artificial Intelligence
- Device driver etc.
C++ Example
We have given online editor option with each C++ example. So, you can edit any example and see the changed output.
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#include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { cout << "Hello C++ by TutorialAndExample"; return 0; } |
Output:
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Hello C++ by TutorialAndExample |
Prerequisite
To learn C++, you must have knowledge of computer fundamentals only.
Audience
This C++ tutorial is written to help beginners and professionals.
C++ Index
C++ Basics
C++ History
C++ Installation
C++ First Program
C++ cin and cout
C++ Data type
C++ Variable
C++ operator
C++ Keywords
C++ OOPs Concepts
C++ Control Statements
C++ If
C++ Nested if
C++ If-else
C++ If-else-if
C++ Switch
C++ Break
C++ Continue
C++ Goto
C++ For loop
C++ While loop
C++ Do while loop
C++ Functions
C++ Call by Value
C++ Call by Reference
C++ Recursion Function
C++ Inline function
C++ Friend function
C++ Arrays
Single dimension array
Two dimension array
C++ Strings
C++ Strings
C++ Inheritance
Single level Inheritance
Multilevel Inheritance
Multiple Inheritance
Hierarchical Inheritance
Hybrid Inheritance
C++ Polymorphism
C++ Polymorphism
C++ Overloading
C++ Overriding
C++ Virtual Function
C++ Pointers
C++ Pointers
C++ this pointer
C++ Exception Handling
C++ Exception Handling
C++ Constructors
C++ Constructors
Default Constructor
Parameterize Constructor
Copy constructor
Constructor Overloading
Destructor
C++ File Handling
C++ File Handling
C++ Writing to file
C++ Reading file
C++ Close file