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C++ functions

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C++ Function Miscellaneous

Precision of floating point numbers Using these functions floor(), ceil(), trunc(), round() and setprecision() in C++ function overloading in C++ Add two numbers using the function in C++ Advantage and disadvantage friend function C++ ATM machine program in C++ using functions Returning Multiple Values from a function using Tuple and Pair in C++ Find the Size of Array in C/C++ without using sizeof() function Pure Virtual function in C++ With Example Program Returning a function Pointer from a function in C/C++ Passing a Vector to a function in C++ functions in C++ With Types and Examples C++ Macro function Example Using Default Arguments with Virtual functions Virtual functions and Runtime Polymorphism Fesetround() and Fegetround() in C++ and their application Object as function Argument in C++ Private Member function in C++ Function Overriding in C++ C++ Program for Addition of Two Numbers Using functions function Object in C++ Elements of User Defined function in C++ Inline Functions in C++ Virtual Function in C++

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C++ Programs

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C++ Operators

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C++ Examples

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C++ Differences

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How To

How to concatenate two strings in C++ How to Reverse a String in C++ using Do-While Loop How to Reverse a String in C++ using for Loop How to Reverse a String in C++ using While Loop How to create a table in C++ How to Setup Environment for C++ Programming on Mac How to call a void function in C++ How to create a directory or folder in C/C++ How to create a library in C++ How to create a stack in C++ How to create the Processes with fork in C++ How to Handle Divide by Zero Exception in C++ How to Declare Unordered Sets in C++ How to Sort an Array in C++ How to run program in turbo c++ How to Use Getline in C++ How is Multiset Implemented in C++ How to Build a Program in C++ How to Declare a 2d Array Dynamically in C++ How to create a button in C++ How the value is passed in C++ How to calculate size of string in C++ How to convert binary string to int in C++ How to convert string to float in C++ How to remove space from string in C++ How to use pair in C++ How to use the string find() in C++ How to Remove an Element From an Array in C++ How to Take Space Separated input in C++ How to Copy in Turbo C++ How to Use Pow in C++ How to Use Set in C++ How to Create Singleton Class in C++ How to Allocate Memory Dynamically in C++ How to Close Turbo C++ in Windows 10 How to Use Modulus in C++

C++ Questions

What does Buffer Flush mean in C++ What is endl in C++ What is Unary Operator Overloading in C++ Which operators cannot be overloaded in C++ What is Static Member function in C++ What is This Pointer in C++ What is Upcasting in C++ What Kind of Exceptions Are Available in C++ What is Memory Allocation for Objects in C++ What is a Linked List in C++ is assignment operator inherited in C++ When should we write own Assignment operator in C++ What is an Object in C++ What is Copy Constructor in C++ What is a Static Member Function in C++

C++ Interview Questions

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Miscellaneous

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C++ Fibonacci Series
2021-01-23 11:13:42

C++ Fibonacci Series

What is a Fibonacci series?

A Fibonacci series or sequence is a very popular programming paradigm. The next element occurring in the N terms series is determined by the sum of the previous two elements. It simply means that the upcoming term will be easily figured out by applying the previous terms' logic. To be clearer with how the Fibonacci series work, let us consider an example.

For example:  1  2  3  5  8  13 …………N

Here, we can see that the previous elements starting from 1 then 2. We have assigned 1 and 2 as 1st and 2nd terms initially. Then we added 1 & 2, then 2 & 3 and so on till nth term.

Let us now discover different approaches of generating Fibonacci series till N terms.

  1. The novice approach

Consider the code given below:

Fibonacci Series in C++

Output:

Fibonacci Series in C++

Explanation: In the above code, we are taking input from the sequence. We took number 10 so ten terms of the Fibonacci numbers are generated on the console. The logic behind is to simply loop over the terms till 10 and then consequently adding them using next term variable. It is quite easy to understand since the approach is traditional.

  • The recursive approach

Consider the code given below:

Fibonacci Series in C++

Output:

Fibonacci Series in C++

Explanation:

In this program, we expect to get the nth element at the position in the palindrome series. We are taking input from the user and have constructed a function named “fibonacci” where the parameter is the number that is being taken from the user and is compared using condition such that if the number is <=1. The Fibonacci series will be the addition of (n-1) and (n-2) terms. This is because we are gradually finding the next elements respective of their positions in the container.

Logic and formulations of Fibonacci series

The Fibonacci numbers are usually of the following sequence:
0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144...N

Mathematically, a Fibonacci series is formulated using the following recurrence relation

Fibonacci Series in C++

Here,

      Fn = Fibonacci sequence where n is the no. of terms.

      F(n-1) = one element before the last occurrence .

      F(n-2) = second-last element the last occurrence.

We always assign first and second element in the series as 0 and 1 and in the novice approach we will start our loop from 2 since the first and second position are already assigned as 0 and 1.

Let us now look at some other approaches associated with Fibonacci series.

  • Dynamic Programming Method

Consider the code given below:

Fibonacci Series in C++

Output:

Fibonacci Series in C++

Explanation:

Here, sequence is generated using the summation of (n-1) and (n-2).

We have previously used recursive approach to solve the Fibonacci series but it is simpler in dynamic approach. It can store numbers in a table and we can easily generate the next sequential terms.