How to enter a name in C++

A name is a string or array of characters or letters. The string is one of the most helpful data types offered by the C++ library. A string helps the user to store a collection of characters, like "World" or "January 1st is the new year".

As with the other data types, a string must first be declared before a value can be stored in it.

Strings in C++

Declaring strings in C++ programming starts by giving them a starting value and utilizing them in a variety of input and output tasks. A string is a group of characters or an array of characters. The C++ programming language typically uses two types of strings:

• Strings that are objects of the string class (The string class is available in the Standard C++ Library).
• The C-Strings (C-style Strings)

The sequence of characters is kept in array form in C language. Programming in C++ also offers this. Therefore, it is known as C-strings.

C-strings are arrays of type char that end with the character "\0" or the null character.

(The null character's ASCII value is 0).

Declaring a C-string

char s[] = “String” ;

The string s in the preceding code holds seven characters.

Despite the fact that "String" has six characters, the null character \0 is automatically appended to the end of the string.

Different approaches to declaring a string

char s[7] = “String” ;


char s[] = {'S', 't', 'r', 'i', 'n', 'g', '\0'} ;


char s[7] = {'S', 't', 'r', 'i', 'n', 'g', '\0'} ;

It's not required to fill the whole space allotted for the string, just like with arrays.

Example

char s[100] = “String” ;

Reading a name using C++ String

A C++ program that displays a user-entered string. By using this program, the user can enter a name.

Program

#include <iostream>
using namespace std ;


int main()
{
    char s[100] ;


    cout << "Enter the name: " ;
    cin >> s ;
    cout << "Entered name is " << s << endl ;


    cout << "\nEnter another name: " ;
    cin >> s ;
    cout << "Entered name is "<<s<<endl ;


    return 0 ;
}

Output 2

It is worth noting that in the second output, only "rohit" is displayed rather than "rohit sharma."

This is because the extraction operator >> behaves similarly to scanf() in C and regards a space " " as a terminating character.

C++ String for reading the full name (a line of text)

C++ program reads and displays an entire line of text entered by the user.

Program:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std ;


int main()
{
    char s[100] ;
    cout << "Enter a name: " ;
    cin.get(s, 100) ;


    cout << "The entered name is " << s << endl ;
    return 0 ;
}

The cin.get() function can be used to read text that contains blank spaces. This function accepts two arguments.

The first argument is the string's variable name (the address of the first element of the string), and the second argument is the maximum size of the array.

In the preceding program, s is the string's variable name, and 100 is the array's maximum size.

String Object

A string object can also be made in C++ to hold strings. Unlike char arrays with a set length, string objects can be extended as needed.

Program

C++ string using the string data type to accept user input.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std ;


int main()
{
    // Declaring a string object
    string s ;
    cout << "Enter a string: " ;
    getline(cin, s) ;


    cout << "You entered: " << s << endl ;
    return 0 ;
}

The string s is declared in this code. The user is then prompted for the string. You can obtain the entered line of text using getline() rather than cin>> or the cin.get() function.

The first parameter of the getline() function, cin, is the input stream, and s is the line's location that must be stored.

Running a function with a string (String is passed)

Similar to how arrays are supplied to a function, strings are also given to functions.

Program:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std ;


void display(char *) ;
void display(string) ;


int main()
{
    string s1 ;
    char s[100] ;


    cout << "Enter a name: " ;
    getline(cin, s1) ;


    cout << "Enter another name: " ;
    cin.get(s, 100, '\n') ;


    display(s1) ;
    display(s) ;
    return 0 ;
}


void display(char a[])
{
    cout << "Entered name using char array is " << a << endl ;
}


void display(string a)
{
    cout << "Entered name using string is " << a << endl ;
}

In the code mentioned above, two strings must be entered. These are kept in the variables s, and s1, where s is a char array and s1 is a string object, respectively.

The string is then displayed using two procedures called display().

The parameter is the only distinction between the two functions. The first display() function accepts a parameter of the type char array, while the second takes a parameter of the type string.

Overloading functions is the term used to describe the activity.