Python Tutorial

Introduction Python Features Python Applications Python System requirements Python Installation Python Examples Python Basics Python Indentation Python Variables Python Data Types Python IDE Python Keywords Python Operators Python Comments Python Pass Statement

Python Conditional Statements

Python if Statement Python elif Statement Python If-else statement Python Switch Case

Python Loops

Python for loop Python while loop Python Break Statement Python Continue Statement Python Goto Statement

Python Arrays

Python Array Python Matrix

Python Strings

Python Strings Python Regex

Python Built-in Data Structure

Python Lists Python Tuples Python Lists vs Tuples Python Dictionary Python Sets

Python Functions

Python Function Python min() function Python max() function Python User-define Functions Python Built-in Functions Python Recursion Anonymous/Lambda Function in Python apply() function in python Python lambda() Function

Python File Handling

Python File Handling Python Read CSV Python Write CSV Python Read Excel Python Write Excel Python Read Text File Python Write Text File Read JSON File in Python

Python Exception Handling

Python Exception Handling Python Errors and exceptions Python Assert

Python OOPs Concept

OOPs Concepts in Python Classes & Objects in Python Inheritance in Python Polymorphism in Python Python Encapsulation Python Constructor Python Super function Python Static Method Static Variables in Python Abstraction in Python

Python Iterators

Iterators in Python Yield Statement In Python Python Yield vs Return

Python Generators

Python Generator

Python Decorators

Python Decorator

Python Functions and Methods

Python Built-in Functions Python String Methods Python List Methods Python Dictionary Methods Python Tuple Methods Python Set Methods

Python Modules

Python Modules Python Datetime Module Python Math Module Python Import Module Python Time ModulePython Random Module Python Calendar Module CSV Module in Python Python Subprocess Module

Python MySQL

Python MySQL Python MySQL Client Update Operation Delete Operation Database Connection Creating new Database using Python MySQL Creating Tables Performing Transactions

Python MongoDB

Python MongoDB

Python SQLite

Python SQLite

Python Data Structure Implementation

Python Stack Python Queue Python Linked List Python Hash Table Python Graph

Python Advance Topics

Speech Recognition in Python Face Recognition in Python Python Linear regression Python Rest API Python Command Line Arguments Python JSON Python Subprocess Python Virtual Environment Type Casting in Python Python Collections Python Attributes Python Commands Python Data Visualization Python Debugger Python DefaultDict Python Enumerate

Python 2

What is Python 2

Python 3

Anaconda in Python 3 Anaconda python 3 installation for windows 10 List Comprehension in Python3

How to

How to Parse JSON in Python How to Pass a list as an Argument in Python How to Install Numpy in PyCharm How to set up a proxy using selenium in python How to create a login page in python How to make API calls in Python How to run Python code from the command prompt How to read data from com port in python How to Read html page in python How to Substring a String in Python How to Iterate through a Dictionary in Python How to convert integer to float in Python How to reverse a string in Python How to take input in Python How to install Python in Windows How to install Python in Ubuntu How to install PIP in Python How to call a function in Python How to download Python How to comment multiple lines in Python How to create a file in Python How to create a list in Python How to declare array in Python How to clear screen in Python How to convert string to list in Python How to take multiple inputs in Python How to write a program in Python How to compare two strings in Python How to create a dictionary in Python How to create an array in Python How to update Python How to compare two lists in Python How to concatenate two strings in Python How to print pattern in Python How to check data type in python How to slice a list in python How to implement classifiers in Python How To Print Colored Text in Python How to open a file in python How to Open a file in python with Path How to run a Python file in CMD How to change the names of Columns in Python How to Concat two Dataframes in Python How to Iterate a List in Python How to learn python Online How to Make an App with Python How to develop a game in python How to print in same line in python How to create a class in python How to find square root in python How to import numy in python How to import pandas in python How to uninstall python How to upgrade PIP in python How to append a string in python How to comment out a block of code in Python How to change a value of a tuple in Python How to append an Array in Python How to Configure Python Interpreter in Eclipse How to plot a Histogram in Python How to Import Files in Python How to Download all Modules in Python How to get Time in seconds in Python How to Practice Python Programming How to plot multiple linear regression in Python How to set font for Text in Python How to Convert WhatsApp Chat Data into a Word Cloud using Python How to Install Tweepy in Python How to Write a Configuration file in Python How to Install Scikit-Learn How to add 2 lists in Python How to assign values to variables in Python and other languages How to build an Auto Clicker using Python How to check if the dictionary is empty in Python How to check the version of the Python Interpreter How to convert Float to Int in Python How to Convert Int to String in Python How to Define a Function in Python How to Install Pandas in Python How to Plot Graphs Using Python How to Program in Python on Raspberry pi How to Reverse a number in Python How to Sort a String in Python How to build a Virtual Assistant Using Python How to Fix an EOF Error in Python How to make a firewall in Python How to clear screen in Python How to Create User Defined Exceptions in Python How to determine if a binary tree is height-balanced How to Import Kaggle Datasets Directly into Google Colab How to Install Python in Kali Linux

Sorting

Python Sort List Sort Dictionary in Python Python sort() function Python Bubble Sort

Programs

Factorial Program in Python Prime Number Program in Python Fibonacci Series Program in Python Leap Year Program in Python Palindrome Program in Python Check Palindrome In Python Calculator Program in Python Armstrong Number Program in Python Python Program to add two numbers Anagram Program in Python Number Pattern Programs in Python Even Odd Program in Python GCD Program in Python Python Exit Program Python Program to check Leap Year Operator Overloading in Python Pointers in Python Python Not Equal Operator Raise Exception in Python Salary of Python Developers in India

Questions

What is a Script in Python What is the re.sub() function in Python After Python What Should I Learn What Does the Percent Sign (%) Mean in Python What is online python free IDE What is Python online compiler What are the Purposes of Python What is Python compiler GDB What is Ipython shell What does base case mean in recursion What does the if __name__ == "__main__" do in Python What is Sleeping Time in Python What is Collaborative Filtering in ML, Python What is the Python Global Interpreter Lock What is None Literal in Python What is the Output of the bool in Python Is Python Case-sensitive when Dealing with Identifiers Is Python Case Sensitive Is Python Object Oriented Programming language

Differences

Difference between Perl and Python Difference between python list and tuple Difference between Input() and raw_input() functions in Python Difference between Python 2 and Python 3 Difference Between Yield And Return In Python Important Difference between Python 2.x and Python 3.x with Example Difference between Package and Module in Python Difference between Expression and Statement in Python Difference between For Loop and While Loop in Python Difference between Module and Package in Python Difference between Sort and Sorted in Python Difference between Overloading and Overriding in Python Python vs HTML Python vs R Python vs Java Python vs PHP While vs For Loop in Python Python Iterator vs Iterable Set Vs List Python

Python Kivy

Kivy Architecture Kivy Buttons Kivy Layouts Kivy Widgets What is Kivy in Python

Python Tkinter

Application to get live USD/INR rate Using Tkinter in Python Application to Search Installed Application using Tkinter in Python Compound Interest GUI Calculator using Tkinter in Python Create a Table Using Tkinter in Python Create First GUI Application using Tkinter in Python File Explorer using Tkinter in Python GUI Calendar using Tkinter in Python GUI to extract lyrics from a song Using Tkinter in Python GUI to Shut down, Restart and Logout from the PC using Tkinter in Python Loan calculator using Tkinter in Python Make Notepad using Tkinter in Python Rank Based Percentile GUI Calculator using Tkinter in Python Screen Rotation app Using Tkinter in Python Spell Corrector GUI using Tkinter in Python Standard GUI Unit Converter using Tkinter in Python Text detection using Tkinter in Python To Do GUI Application using Tkinter in Python Weight Conversion GUI using Tkinter in Python Age calculator using Tkinter Create a Digital Clock Using Tkinter Create a GUI Marksheet using Tkinter Simple GUI Calculator Using Tkinter Simple Registration form using Tkinter Weight Conversion GUI Using Tkinter Color Game Using Tkinter in Python File Explorer in Python using Tkinter Making of Notepad Using Tkinter Python Simple FLAMES Game Using Tkinter Python ToDo GUI Application Using Tkinter Python

Python PyQt5

Compound Interest GUI Calculator using PyQt5 in Python Create Table Using PyQt5 in Python Create the First GUI Application using PyQt5 in Python GUI Calendar using PyQt5 in Python Loan Calculator using PyQt5 in Python Rank Based Percentile GUI Calculator using PyQt5 in Python Simple GUI calculator using PyQt5 in Python Standard GUI Unit Converter using PyQt5 in Python

Misc

Introduction to Scratch programming SKLearn Clustering SKLearn Linear Module Standard Scaler in SKLearn Python Time Library SKLearn Model Selection Standard Scaler in SKLearn Accuracy_score Function in Sklearn Append key Value to Dictionary in Python Cross Entropy in Python Cursor in Python Data Class in Python Imread Python Parameter Passing in Python Program of Cumulative Sum in Python Python Program for Linear Search Python Program to Generate a Random String Read numpy array in Python Scrimba python Sklearn linear Model in Python Scraping data in python Accessing Key-value in Dictionary in Python Find Median of List in Python Linear Regression using Sklearn with Example Problem-solving with algorithm and data structures using Python Python 2.7 data structures Python Variable Scope with Local & Non-local Examples Arguments and parameters in Python Assertion error in python Programs for Printing Pyramid Patterns in Python _name_ in Python Amazon rekognition using python Anaconda python 3.7 download for windows 10 64-bit Android apps for coding in python Augmented reality in python Best app for python Not supported between instances of str and int in python Python comment symbol Python Complex Class Python IDE names Selection Sort Using Python Hypothesis Testing in Python Idle python download for Windows Insertion Sort using Python Merge Sort using Python Python - Binomial Distribution Python Logistic Regression with Sklearn & Scikit Python Random shuffle() method Python variance() function Removing the First Character from the String in Python Adding item to a python dictionary Best books for NLP with Python Best Database for Python Count Number of Keys in Dictionary Python Cross Validation in Sklearn Drop() Function in Python EDA in Python Excel Automation with Python Python Program to Find the gcd of Two Numbers Python Web Development projects Adding a key-value pair to dictionary in Python Python Euclidean Distance Python Filter List Python Fit Transform Python e-book free download Python email utils Python range() Function Python random.seed() function Python PPTX Python Pickle Python Seaborn Python Coroutine Python EOL Python Infinity Python math.cos and math.acos function Python Project Ideas Based On Django Reverse a String in Python Reverse a Number in Python Python Word Tokenizer Python Trigonometric Functions Python try catch exception GUI Calculator in Python Implementing geometric shapes into the game in python Installing Packages in Python Python Try Except Python Sending Email Socket Programming in Python Python CGI Programming Python Data Structures Python abstract class Python Compiler Python K-Means Clustering NSE Tools In Python Operator Module In Python Palindrome In Python Permutations in Python Pillow Python introduction and setup Python Functionalities of Pillow Module Python Argmin Python whois Python JSON Schema Python lock Return Statement In Python Reverse a sentence In Python tell() function in Python Why learn Python? 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Python Programming Practice Questions

In the following tutorial, we will practice different questions and programs based on Python.

So, let's get started.

Python Practice Programs

The following are some practice problems associated with Python.

Python Program to Declare a Variable and its Types:

CODE:

# Simple Python program to declare a variables
num = 9
print("Interger:",num)
print(type(num))
num = 5.55
print("Float:",num)  
print(type(num))
num ="HelloWorld"
print("String:",num)
print(type(num))

OUTPUT:

Interger: 9
<class 'int'>
Float: 5.55
<class 'float'>
String: HelloWorld
<class 'str'>        

CODE EXPLANATION:

The program starts by declaring a variable num and assigning the value 9, an integer. The program then prints the value of num and its type using the print() and type() functions, respectively.

Next, the program re-assigns the num variable with the value 5.55, a floating-point number. The program then prints the new value of num and its type using the print() and type() functions, respectively.

Finally, the program re-assigns the num variable with the value "HelloWorld", which is a string. The program then prints the new value of num and its type using the print() and type() functions, respectively. In Python, the type of such a variable can be determined using the type() function.

If-else Statements:

The if statement in Python is one of the programming languages’ most common conditional statements. It determines whether or not certain statements must be executed. The "if" block contains a set of code that is only executed if a specific condition is met. If the condition is not met, it is not executed.

SYNTAX:

If ( EXPRESSION == TRUE ):
     Block of code
else:
     Block of code

In this case, the condition will be converted to a Boolean expression, either true or false. The statement or programme inside the "if" block is executed if the condition is true; if false, the statement or program inside the "else" block will be executed.

Python Program to Check Whether a Given Number is Even or Odd:

CODE:

n=int(input("Enter n value:"))
if(n%2==0):
    print("Even Number")
else:
    print("Odd Number")

OUTPUT:

Enter n value:5
Odd Number

CODE EXPLANATION:

To obtain an integer input from a user and store it in the variable n, the program uses the input() function. The message "Enter n value:" is displayed on the console to prompt the user to enter a value. The program then uses the modulo operator (%) to check if the input value is even or odd. The input number is even if n is divisible by 2 with no remainder; otherwise, it is odd. If the input number value is even, the program uses the print() function to display the “Even Number” signal. If the input number is odd, the program prints the “Odd Number” message using the print() function. The program’s message will inform the user of the evenness or oddness of the input number. For example, if the user enters ten as the input, the program will check if ten is divisible by 2. Since it is divisible by 2 with no remainder, the program will print "Even Number" as the output. If the user enters nine as the input, the program will check if nine is divisible by 2. Since it is not divisible by 2 with no remainder, the program will print "Odd Number" as the output.

Python Program to Find the Sum of all Even Numbers from 1 to 100:

CODE:

sum = 0
n=int(input("Enter n value:"))
for i in range(2, n+1, 2):
    sum += i
print("The sum of even numbers from 1 to n is:", sum)

OUTPUT:

Enter n value:250
The sum of even numbers from 1 to n is: 15750

CODE EXPLANATION:

Initialising a variable named sum to 0 is how the program begins. This variable will serve as a record for the total of even numbers. Once the user has provided an integer, the program uses this same input() function to store it in the variable n.  This input is the upper limit of the range of even numbers we want to sum. The program then uses a for loop to iterate through all the even numbers from 2 to n (incrementing by 2 each time). The range() function generates a sequence of even numbers from 2 to n; the for loop iterates over this sequence. The current even number is added to the sum variable during each iteration of the for loop. After the for loop has finished iterating over all the even numbers in the range, the program prints out the sum value using the print() function. The program’s output will be a message that displays the sum of all even numbers from 2 to n.

Factorial of a Non-Negative Integer:

CODE:

def factorial(n):
    if n < 0:
        return 0
    elif n == 0 or n == 1:
        return 1
    else:
        fact = 1
        while(n > 1):
            fact *= n
            n -= 1
        return fact
num = int(input("Enter the num value:"));
print("Factorial of the", num, "is",
factorial(num))

OUTPUT:

Enter the num value:6
Factorial of the 6 is 720

CODE EXPLANATION:

The programme defines the factorial function, which accepts the integer n as an argument. The if statement checks whether n is less than 0. If n is less than 0, the function returns 0. This is because the factorial of a negative number is not defined. The elif statement checks whether n is equal to 0 or 1. If n is equal to 0 or 1, the function returns 1. This is because the factorial of 0 or 1 is 1. If n is greater than 1, the program enters the else block. A variable named fact is initialised to 1. A while loop is used to calculate the factorial of n. The loop continues until n is reduced to 1. Within the loop, the value of the fact is updated by multiplying it with the current value of n. The value of n is then decremented by 1. Once the loop ends, the function returns the value of the fact. The user is prompted to enter the number num by the main program. It then calls the factorial function with num as the argument and prints the result using a formatted string. The output message displays the value of the input number num and its corresponding factorial value.

Python Program to print the sum of elements in a list:

CODE:

n=int(input(“Enter the length of the list:”))
lst=list(map(int,input().split()))
ans=sum(lst)
print(ans)

OUTPUT:

Enter the length of list:5
1 2 3 4 5
15

CODE EXPLANATION:

The program uses the function input () to obtain an integer input from a user but also stores it in the variable n. This input indicates how many elements there are in the list. The program again uses the input() function to get a string input from the user. This input represents the elements of the list, separated by a space. The split() method is then used to split the string into a list of individual string elements.

The list's string elements are changed to integer elements using the map() function.  This is done by passing the int function as the first argument to map(), which applies the int() function to each list element.

The resulting list of integers is then converted to a Python list using the list() function and stored in the variable list. The sum() function calculates the sum of the elements in the list. The variable ans holds the total that results. The value of ans is then printed on the console by the programme using the print() function. This will be the sum of all the integers in the list.

Python Program to Print Right-Angled Triangle Pattern:

CODE:

import math
count = 0
count += 1
n = int(input("Enter number of lines:"))
for i in range(1, n+1):
    for j in range(1, n+1):
        if i + j > n:
            print("*", end="")
        else:
            print(" ", end="")
    print()

OUTPUT:

Enter number of lines:8
       *
      **
     ***
    ****
   *****
  ******
 *******
********

CODE EXPLANATION:

The first line imports the math library. However, this library is not used in the program and is unnecessary. The count variable is initialized to zero and then incremented by 1. However, since the increment statement is executed immediately after the variable is declared, it serves only a useful purpose. Then we use the nested loops to iterate over each row and column of the pattern. For each cell, the program checks whether the sum of the row and column numbers is greater than the value of n. If it is, an asterisk is printed. Otherwise, a space is printed. The end parameter of the print() function is used to ensure that each row is printed on a single line.

Python Program to Compute ‘a power b’:

CODE:

a=int(input("Enter a value:"))
b=int(input("Enter b value:"))
def pow(a,b):
    ans=1
    while(b>0):
        if((b&1)==1):
            ans=(ans*a)%1000000007
        b=b>>1
        a=(a*a)%1000000007
    return ans%1000000007
print(pow(a,b))

OUTPUT:

Enter a value:2
Enter b value:4
16

CODE EXPLANATION:

At first, we Initialize a variable ans to 1.

While b is greater than 0:

  1. If the least significant bit of b is 1 (i.e., b & 1 == 1), multiply ans by a.
  2. Right-shift b by 1 (i.e., b = b >> 1).
  3. Square an (i.e., a = a * a). Return the final value of ans modulo 10^9+7. The % operator is used to calculate the result modulo 10^9+7. This is done to ensure that the result is the maximum value of a 32-bit integer.

Finally, the code calls the pow function with the input values a and b and prints the result. The variable name pow used for the function may clash with the built-in function pow(), which performs the same operation. Therefore, using built-in function names as variables or function names is not a good practice.

Python Program to Find the Sum of Pairs with their Indices in an Array:

CODE:

n=int(input("Enter number of elements in array:"))
k=int(input("Enter the target value:"))
l=list(map(int,input().split()))
s=0
for i in range(0,n):
    for j in range(i+1,n):
        if((l[i]+l[j])==k):
            s=1
            print("Indices:",i,j)
            break
if(s==1):
    print("True, The Sum of the pairs available in the array")
else:
    print("False")

OUTPUT:

Enter number of elements in array:5 
Enter the target value:3 
1 2 3 4 5
True, The Sum of the pair is available in the array
Indices: 4 4

CODE EXPLANATION:

The first input prompt asks the user to enter the number of elements in the array. The second input prompt asks the user to enter the target value. The third input prompt asks the user to enter the array of elements separated by space. The code then checks if two elements exist in the array whose sum equals the target value. If such a pair exists, the code prints the indices of the two elements and sets the variable s to 1. Otherwise, the code sets the variable s to 0.

Finally, the code prints whether the target value can be obtained as the sum of a pair of elements in the array.

The code uses two nested loops to iterate over all pairs of elements in the array. For each pair of elements (i, j), the code checks if their sum equals the target value k. If so, the code sets the variable s to 1 and prints the indices of the pair. If the variable s is one at the end of the loop, a pair of elements whose sum is equal to the target value has been found, and the code prints "True; the Sum of pair is available in the array". Otherwise, the code prints "False".

Overall, this code has a time complexity of O(n^2), as it uses nested loops to check all pairs of elements in the array. There are more efficient algorithms to solve this problem with lower time complexity.

Python Program to Print Several Words, Vowels, and Consonants in a Given String:

CODE:

s=input("Enter the string:")
m=[]#vowels
r=[]#consonants
for i in s:
    if(i=='a' or i=='A' or i=='E' or i=='I' or i=='O' or i=='U' or i=='e' or i=='i' or i=='o' or i=='u'):
        m.append(i)
    else:
        r.append(i)
p=0
for k in r:
    if(k!=' '):
        p+=1
c=len(s.split())
print("Number of Words:",c)
print("Number of vowels in string:",len(m))
print("Number of consonants in string:",p)

OUTPUT:

Enter the string: The world is green and blue
Number of Words: 6
Number of vowels in the string: 8
Number of consonants in the string: 14

CODE EXPLANATION:

It initializes two empty lists, m and r, to store vowels and consonants. It iterates over each character i in the input string s. If the character is a vowel, it appends it to the m list. Otherwise, it appends it to the r list. It then iterates over each character k in the r list and counts the number of non-space characters. This count is stored in the variable p. It uses the split() method to split the input string into a list of words and counts the number of words in the list using the len() function. This count is stored in the variable c. Finally, it prints the number of words in the string, the number of vowels in the string, and the number of consonants in the string.

The code stores vowels and consonants using two lists, m and r. It checks each character in the input string s to see if it is a vowel. If the character is a vowel, it is appended to the m list. If the character is a consonant, it is appended to the r list. The count of non-space characters in the r list is computed using a loop that iterates over each character k in the r list and increments the variable p if the character is not a space. The code then uses the split() method to split the input string into a list of words. It counts the number of words in the list using the len() function and stores the count in the variable c.

Finally, the code prints the number of words in the input string, the number of vowels in the input string, and the number of consonants in the input string.

Python Program to Print the First Repeating Character in a Given String:

CODE:

k=input("Enter the string:")
m="."
c=[]
for i in k:
    if(k.count(i)>1):
            c.append(i)
            break
    if(k.count(i)==0):
        c.append(m)
        break
else:
    print("There is no repeating character")
print("The First repeating character is:",*c)

OUTPUT:

Enter the string:This is a Sample String
The First repeating character is: i

CODE EXPLANATION:

It initializes a string variable m with the value ".". It initializes an empty list c to store the repeating character or a dot (.) if there is no repeating character. It iterates over each character i in the input string k. It checks if the count of the character i in the input string k is greater than 1. If it is, it means the character is repeated and the character i is appended to the c list. The loop is then terminated using the break statement. If the count of the character i in the input string k is 0, the character is not repeated, and a dot (.) is appended to the c list. The loop is then terminated using the break statement. If the loop completes successfully without a break statement being executed, the string has no repeating character, and the code prints a message stating this. Finally, the code prints the first repeating character found or a dot (.) if there is no repeating character, using the * operator to unpack the list c.

The code uses the count() method to count the number of occurrences of each character in the input string k. If the count of a character is greater than 1, it means the character is repeated, and the code adds the character to the c list and terminates the loop using the break statement. If the loop completes without finding a repeating character, the code adds a dot (.) to the c list and prints a message stating no repeating character.

Finally, the code prints the first repeating character in the input string if there is one or a dot (.) if there is no repeating character.

Sorting Elements in an Array using the Bubble Sort Algorithm:

CODE:

l=list(map(int,input("Enter array elements:").split()))
c=0
temp=0
arr=0
for i in range(0,len(l)):
    for j in range(0,len(l)-1) :
        if(l[j]>l[j+1]):
            temp=l[j]
            l[j]=l[j+1]
            l[j+1]=temp
for k in l:
    print(k,end=" ")
print("\r")

OUTPUT:

Enter array elements:9 4 8 -32 -5 23
-32 -5 4 8 9 23 

CODE EXPLANATION:

At first, we initialize three variables, c, temp, and arr, to 0. Using the bubble sort algorithm, two nested loops are used to sort the input list in ascending order. The outer loop iterates from 0 to the length of the input list, and the inner loop iterates from 0 to the length of the input list minus 1. In each iteration of the inner loop, the code compares adjacent elements in the list and swaps them if they are in the wrong order. This continues until the entire list is sorted.

After the sorting is complete, the code iterates over the sorted list using a for loop and prints each element separated by a space using the end parameter of the print() function. The end parameter is set to a space character to print the elements on the same line.

Finally, the code prints a newline character using the escape sequence \r to move the cursor to the beginning of the line for the next print statement.

The code uses the bubble sort algorithm to sort the input list in ascending order. The outer loop iterates over each element in the list, and the inner loop iterates over each pair of adjacent elements. If the adjacent elements are not in the correct order, the code swaps them. This process is repeated until the entire list is sorted. The sorted list is then printed using a for loop, separating each element by a space character. Finally, a newline character is printed to move the cursor to the beginning of the next line.

Python Program to Find Missing Elements in an Array:

CODE:

arr = list(map(int, input("Enter the array elements: ").split()))
n = len(arr)
sum_n = (n+1)*(n+2)//2
sum_arr = sum(arr)
missing_num = sum_n - sum_arr
print("The missing number is:", missing_num)

OUTPUT:

Enter the array elements: 1 4 6 3 5
The missing number is: 2

CODE EXPLANATION:

The list() and map() functions convert the input string into a list of integers. The first line of code to the user is in the form of an array of integers. The second line of code finds the length of the array by using the built-in len() function. The third line of code calculates the sum of all the numbers in the given range using the formula (n+1)*(n+2)//2, where n is the length of the array plus one. The fourth line of code calculates the sum of all the numbers in the given array using the built-in sum() function in Python.

The fifth line of code finds the missing number by subtracting the sum of the array from the sum of the numbers in the range. The missing number is stored in the missing_num variable.

Finally, the last line of code prints the missing number to the console using the print() function. This program assumes that only one number is missing from the array. If more than one number is missing, the output may need to be corrected.

Python Program to Find the Frequency of an Element in an Array:

CODE:

n=int(input("Enter number of elements:"))
l=list(map(int,input("Enter the elements:").split()))
k=int(input("Enter an element to find its count:"))
c=0
for i in range(0,len(l)):
    if(l[i]==k):
        c+=1
print(c)

OUTPUT:

Enter number of elements:6
Enter the elements:2 3 4 4 4 4
Enter an element to find its count:4
4

CODE EXPLANATION:

The first line takes an integer input n representing the list's number of elements. The second line takes input n elements in a single line separated by space and stores them as a list of integers l. The third line takes an integer input k which is the element to be searched in the list. A variable c is initialized to 0 to store the count of occurrences of k. The for loop iterates through each element of the list l. For each element, it checks if the element is equal to k. If the element equals k, the count c is incremented by 1. After the loop, the count c is printed, representing the number of occurrences of k in the list.

Python Program to Find Two Strings are Anagrams or Not:

CODE:

def are_anagrams(str1, str2):
    str1 = str1.lower().replace(' ', '')
    str2 = str2.lower().replace(' ', '')
    if len(str1) != len(str2):
        return False
    str1_list = sorted(list(str1))
    str2_list = sorted(list(str2))
    if str1_list == str2_list:
        return True
    else:
        return False
str1 = input("Enter string 1:")
str2 = input("Enter string 2:")
if are_anagrams(str1, str2):
    print(f"{str1} and {str2} are anagrams")
else:
    print(f"{str1} and {str2} are not anagrams")

OUTPUT:

Enter string 1:stop
Enter string 2:post
stop and post are anagrams

CODE EXPLANATION:

The function are_anagrams() takes two strings, str1 and str2, as input. It converts both strings to lowercase using the lower() method and removes any spaces using the replace() method. Then it checks if the length of str1 equals the length of str2. If the lengths are not equal, the function returns False.

If the lengths are equal, the function converts both strings to lists of characters using the list() method and sorts them using the sorted() method. Then it compares the two sorted lists. If the lists are equal, the function returns True, indicating that the two strings are anagrams. Otherwise, it returns False.

The program prompts the user to enter two strings, str1 and str2. It calls the are_anagrams() function with these two strings as arguments. If the function returns True, the program prints a message that the two strings are anagrams. Otherwise, it prints a message saying that they are not anagrams.