Java Vs C++

Java Vs C++

Java and C++ both are Object Oriented Programming languages. Both languages are popular for competitive programming. C++ is used by many coders who have just started learning programming because of its simplicity and dynamic memory utilization. Java is used in the IT industry due to its security and robust nature.

What is Java?

• Java is an Object-Oriented Programming language. It was developed and released by Sun Microsystems in the year 1995.
• Java programming is one of the most preferred programming languages due to its many features. It is platform-independent. It does not support explicit pointers. This makes Java programs more secure.
• One must install JDK before executing the Java program. The Java code is first compiled into a byte code. And the byte code is then interpreted. The byte code can be executed on any other platform which has Java Virtual Machine (JVM) installed on it. This makes the Java programs portable.
• There are three versions of Java.
• Java EE (Enterprise Edition)
• Java SE (Standard Edition)
• Java ME (Micro Edition)   

Java program Example

The following program demonstrates how to write a basic Java program.

Sample.java

 /* Declaration of Class */
class Sample
{  
    /* Driver Code */
    public static void main(String ar[])
   { 
      /* Print statement */
      System.out.println(“Hello World”); 
    } 
}  

Output:

Hello World

The above Java program declares a class Sample. The System.out.println() method displays the output on the output window.

What is C++?

• The initial version of C++ was released in the year 1985. Developer Bjarne Stroustrupinvented C++.
• C++ is an advanced version of C programming therefore it contains features of procedural programming as well as it contains features of SIMULA – 67 which is the first Object Oriented Programming language.
• C++ is an intermediate language as it indicates features of both low-level and high-level languages.
• C++ was designed for software and application development.

C++ program Example

The following program demonstrates how to write a basic C++ program.

Sample.cpp

 #include 
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    cout<<"Hello World";
    return 0;
} 

Output:

Hello World

The above C++ program prints a statement using cout<< statement provided in C++. For accepting value from user cin>> statement is used. The object of input stream i.e., cin, and object of output stream i.e., cout are used for input-output management in C++.

Java Vs C++

Sr. No.	Java	C++
1.	Java is both compiled and interpreted language.	C++ isa compiled programming language.
2.	Java is a fully Object-Oriented Programming language.	It follows both procedural and object-oriented programming approaches.
3.	Method overloading is supported in Java.	It offers operator overloading and method overloading.
4.	Java has the facility of built-in garbage collection for object management.	It offers new and delete keywords for object management.
5.	It does not have structures and unions.	It provides structures and unions.
6.	In Java, input management is difficult because of the variety of options available whereas output management is easier because of System.out.print() statement.	In C++, input and output management is comparatively easier. cout<>y statements are used in C++.
7.	Java doesn’t support multiple inheritance.	It supports multiple inheritance. To resolve the ambiguity problem virtual keyword is used.
8.	It provides limited support for pointers.	It supports the concept of pointers.
9.	It doesn’t have the concept of scope resolution operator. As it demands every method and variable related to the program should be declared inside a class.	It uses a scope resolution operator (::) for accessing global variables.
10.	Itdoes not have global scope. As everything related to the program is declared inside a class.	It offers global scope. Methods and variables can be declared outside of the class.
11.	In a Java program, if the code is supposed to throw an exception, a try/catch block should be used.	In C++, try/catch block can be excluded.
12.	Usually it is used for application programming.	It is mostly used for system programming.
13.	It doesn’t support templates.	It supports templates.
14.	It uses the concept of packages as pre-processor directives.	It has different header files as pre-processor directives.
15.	It supports database connectivity with the help of JDBC API.	It doesn’t offer database connectivity.

Which is better Java or C++?

Java and C++ both languages follow Object Oriented Programming approach. But both of these languages have their own pros and cons.

Java is mainly used for application development like web or desktop applications. It is also used for enterprise level software. It has its own added features like garbage collection, no pointer, therefore more security.

Whereas C++ is preferred for system programming. But it can also be used for developing games or low-level programming applications. It is comparatively faster than Java.

In conclusion, we can say that choosing between Java and C++ totally depends on what kind of application is being developed and which language satisfies the requirements.

In this article, we have discussed the basics of Java, C++, and the major differences between Java and C++.