3 Types of Network in Computer

Introduction :

A computer organize could be a collection of computers that are connected together through a transmission channel such as cable or wire. In this article, we are going go over the different sorts of computer systems in depth.

Based on their estimate, computer systems are classified into three sorts:

1. LAN (Local Area Network)

2. MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)

3. WAN (Wide Area Network)

Local region Network (LAN): This network links devices inside a certain geographical region, such as a house, workplace, or a cluster of buildings. LANs provide for rapid data transmission rates and are often used for sharing files, printers, and internet access.

Metropolitan region Network (MAN): A MAN connects numerous LANs over a broader geographic region, such as a city or college. They provide faster data transmission rates than LANs but lack the breadth of Wide Area Networks (WANs).

Wide Area Network (WAN): WANs connect many LANs and MANs across cities, nations, or even continents. They are based on communication lines and enable worldwide connectivity.

LOCAL AREA NETWORK:

A Local region Network (LAN) is a network of interconnected devices situated inside a certain geographic region, such as a house, workplace, or a cluster of buildings. It enables computers, printers, servers, and other devices to exchange information and resources like as files and internet access. LANs are often distinguished by fast data transmission rates and low latency. They are widely used in both households and companies for tasks including as file sharing, printing, and collaborative work. LANs may be set up using either wired connections (Ethernet cables) or wireless technologies (Wi-Fi), giving them the flexibility and scalability to fit a variety of locations and purposes.

A Local Area Network (LAN) is a network of linked devices in a limited area, such as a house, business, or group of buildings. To allow devices to share data, LANs employ a variety of communication protocols.

The most typical technique is to connect devices to a central hub or switch using Ethernet cables, often known as wired LANs. Wireless LANs (Wi-Fi) employ radio waves for communication, allowing devices to connect without the requirement of physical connections. LANs provide rapid and dependable data transfer, making them indispensable for sharing resources like as files, printers, and internet access within a localised area.

Benefits of LAN:

1. Resource Sharing: LANs allow linked devices to share resources such as printers, scanners, and internet connections, lowering costs and increasing efficiency.
2. High-Speed Data transmission: LANs enable speedy communication and file sharing between devices by providing fast data transmission speeds.
3. Collaboration: LANs improve collaboration by allowing several users to work in real-time on shared documents or projects, boosting teamwork and productivity.
4. Centralised Data Management: LANs provide centralised storage and backup via file servers, making data management and security easier.
5. Cost-Effective: LANs are less expensive to build in terms of hardware and infrastructure than bigger networks such as WANs

METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK:

A Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) is a network that is larger than a Local Area Network (LAN) but smaller than a Wide Area Network (WAN). It usually spans a city or a university, linking numerous LANs in the area.

MANs are distinguished by their small size and high data transfer speeds. They are frequently used to connect different LANs inside a city, allowing organisations, educational institutions, and government bodies to exchange resources and information.

One of the most notable benefits of a MAN is its capacity to span a large urban area while retaining reasonably high-speed connectivity. As a result, it is appropriate for applications such as video conferencing, distant learning, and high-definition multimedia streaming. Furthermore, MANs are frequently less expensive to deploy than WANs, making them an appealing alternative for enterprises and institutions with activities concentrated in a specific metropolitan region.

In MANs, technologies like as fibre optics and wireless links are frequently employed to provide effective data transfer across extended distances. Overall, a Metropolitan Area Network acts as a vital bridge between the localised capabilities of a LAN and the broad reach of a WAN, making it an essential component of modern metropolitan communication infrastructure.

Benefits of MAN:

MAN networks span a broader region by connecting LANs to a bigger network of computers. Telephone lines connect multiple Local area networks in a Metropolitan area network. The Metropolitan area network (MAN) is larger than LANs but smaller than WANs (wide area networks), and it covers a wider area of a city or town.

Wide region Network (WAN)

A Wide region Network (WAN) is a network that spans a vast geographic region, such as a city, nation, or even the entire globe. It links several Local Area Networks (LANs) and other network devices over a large geographical area, frequently utilising leased telecommunication lines. WANs enable the sharing of resources, data, and applications as well as communication between remote sites. Businesses, organisations, and governments frequently utilise them to link branches, offices, and data centres situated in various locations. MPLS, leased lines, satellite connections, and virtual private networks (VPNs) are examples of WAN technology. In today's linked world, WANs play a critical role in facilitating worldwide communication and cooperation.

What was the origin of wide-area networking?

The United States Air Force established the first known WAN in the late 1950s to connect stations in the Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) radar defence system. An extensive network of specialised phone lines, telephones, and modems connected the locations.

The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET), the first wide-area packet-switching network with dispersed control and the first network to adopt the TCP/IP protocol suite, laid the groundwork for the IP-based Internet.ARPANET originally linked the universities of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Stanford Research Institute (now SRI International), University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), and Utah.

WAN technology classifications

• Switching of packets

Packet switching is a data transmission technique in which a message is divided into many packets that are transmitted separately, in triplicate, along the best route for each packet, and then reassembled at the destination. Each packet has a payload and an identifying header that provides destination and reassembly information. To check for packet corruption, the packets are delivered in duplicate. Every packet is confirmed by comparing and confirming that at least two copies match. When verification fails, a request is issued to resend the packet.

• Protocol suite TCP/IP

TCP/IP is a protocol suite of basic communication protocols that are used to link network devices on today's Internet and other computer/device networks. TCP/IP is an abbreviation for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol.

• Router

A router is a networking device that connects LANs to establish a wide area network (WAN) and is therefore referred to as a WAN device. IP addresses are used by IP routers to identify where to forward packets. An IP address is a number designation issued to each network device that is connected.

Wide Area Network Examples:

A 4G network is widely utilised throughout a region or country.

Last mile: A telecommunications business is employed to give internet access to clients in hundreds of cities by connecting their homes with fibre.

A bank offers a private network that connects the 44 locations. This network is built utilising a telephone leased line provided by a telecommunications firm.

Benefits of a Wide Area Network:

The following are the benefits of a Wide Area Network:

1. Geographic coverage: A Wide region Network covers a broad geographic region. If our office has a branch in a distant city, we can communicate with them over WAN. We can link to another branch over the internet, which provides a leased line.
2. Data centralised: In the case of a WAN network, data is centralised. As a result, we do not need to purchase emails, data, or backup servers.
3. Update your files: Software firms operate on a live server. As a result, the programmers receive the revised files in seconds.
4. Message exchange: Messages are sent quickly in a WAN network. You may contact with pals via web applications such as Facebook, Whatsapp, and Skype.

Wide Area Network Disadvantages:

The following are the Wide Area Network's disadvantages:

1. Security issue: A WAN network has more security difficulties than a LAN or MAN network since all of the technologies are integrated, which presents a security challenge.
2. Needs Antivirus and firewall software: Because data is transported via the internet and can be modified or hijacked by hackers, a firewall is required. Because some persons can implant viruses into our systems, antivirus software is required to defend against such threats.
3. Expensive setup: The establishment of a WAN network is expensive since it necessitates the purchase of routers and switches.
4. Troubleshooting issues: It covers a broad region, making resolution difficult.