Computer Fundamentals Index

Computer Introduction Types of computer Characteristics of computer Uses of computer History of Computers

Computer Languages

Low Level language Middle level Language High level language

Computer Generation

Generation of Computers First Generation of Computer Second generation of Computers Third generation of Computers Fourth generation of Computers Fifth generation of Computers Sixth Generation of Computer

Peripheral Devices

Input devices Output device

Components

Block diagram and basic components Control processing unit (CPU) Software Hardware

Memory

Computer Memory Registers Memory Hierarchy RAM Vs ROM Understanding file sizes (Bytes, KB, MB, GB, TB, PB, EB, ZB, YB)

Computer Network

Types of Network Types of Area Networks (LAN, WAN, MAN) TCP Flags

Computer Virus

Computer Virus

Computer Ports

Computer Ports

How

How to hack a computer How much do Computer Programmers make How does a Computer work How to associate a file with a program How does a computer convert text into binary How does a computer process data into information How to fix a CD-ROM DVD How to fix the no input signal How to install computer memory How to associate a file with a program How to log out of your operating system How do I change my name on Google How to installation or uninstallation Microsoft Paint How to fix a not a valid Win32 application error How to fix missing Microsoft Windows .dll files How to use a computer keyboard How to erase my hard drive and start over How can I test how many words I can write a minute How to shut down a computer How do I open and edit the Windows registry How to edit the registry from the command line How to restart Microsoft Windows How to install a computer processor How to open Microsoft Paint How to fix problems in Windows after installing new software How to enable or disable the preview pane of Microsoft Outlook How to open a Microsoft .wps or Works file in Word How to view the HTML source code in Microsoft Word How to View or Change the Screen Resolution of a Monitor How to Connect and Install a Computer Keyboard How to Delete Temporary Files in Windows 10 How to determine Which Version of Microsoft Office I'm using How to find out how much hard drive space is available How to Fix PC Stuck on Verifying DMI Pool Data How to choose which items show in the notification area How to find similar images using Search by Image How to fix Low Memory and out of memory errors How To Replace the CMOS Battery How do I Update my Antivirus Program How to fix a general protection fault How to Identify problems in the Windows Device Manager How can the Base be Shown How to test if a Website or Web Page is down How Much is 1 Byte, Kilobyte, Megabyte, Gigabyte, etc How to fix a CMOS checksum error How to Fix a Windows CD-ROM, DVD, or Disc Drive Issue How to Open Safe Mode How to Password Protect Files and Folders in Windows How to Reset CMOS or BIOS Settings How to use Computer Keyboard How to create a text file How to enable or disable DHCP in Windows How to test computer memory to determine if its bad How do double space or change line spacing in Microsoft Word How do I know if I have Windows Administrator Rights How many cores does my computer have How to Create a Directory or Folder How to Enter and Exit the BIOS or CMOS Setup How to change Windows Compatibility mode How to clear your internet browser history How to Connect Computer Speakers How to Copy a Web Page Link or URL How to install a Hard Drive or SSD How to Open the Windows Control Panel How to split a screen in Windows How to copy text from a scanned PDF

Questions

Who invented Computer What are the advantages of the Internet? What are the disadvantages of the Internet? Is my computer 64 bit? What is Edge Computing? What is a Router? What is Monitor What is Printer What is a Web Browser What is Microphone What is a Webcam What is PC What is Keyboard What is Motherboard What is WAP What is URL What is a Digital Assistant When was the first Computer Invented What is Modem What is Firmware What is Imperative Programming What is Protocol What is Safe Mode What is Device Driver What is Hybrid Topology What is Mesh Topology What is Procedural language What is a hyperlink What is a Username Who invented the Internet What is Video Card What is Sound Card What is Binary What does Alt+B do What does Alt+D do What does Alt+E do What does Alt+Esc do What does Alt+R do What does ALT + Q do What does Alt + Tab do What is Data Manipulation What is a touch screen What is Back Panel What is Analog Monitor What is AR lens What is an ATX Style Connector What is a File System What is Hard Disk Drive (HDD) What is a boot device What is accessibility What is Line In What is network Interface card (NIC) What is Optical Disk Where can I ask questions on the internet What is Auto Rotate What is CAD (Computer-aided design) What is Cable Modem What is Home Page What is boot menu What is braille reader What is flash memory What is Windows What is Clipboard What is Cyber Warfare What is Myspace Why has my IP address changed What is Jacquard Loom My computer is running slow, what steps can I do to fix it What is a Kensington Lock What is a multicore processor What is automation Are smartphones and tablets computers What is a Login Script What is a Loosely Typed Language What is Multitasking? Why my computer monitor shows no display or black screen What is REM What is Parallelization What is Overtype mode What is open with What is Bracket What is an Online Service What is REM What is Parallelization What is Overtype mode What is open with What is Bracket What is an Online Service What is the Pg Dn Key (Page Down Key) What is the Pg up Key (Page up Key) What is Palmtop Computer What is a Processing Device What is a Print Preview What is the Print Screen Key What can I do if my computer or laptop is lost or stolen What is a Model Number What are the currently available antivirus programs What are Toggle keys What is a Case fan What is a Silicon Chip What is a Slate PC What is a TAB stop What is an Octothorpe What is Task Pane What is Task View What is the svchost.exe file used for in Windows Where can I find free online virus scanners Why am I unable to increase the resolution in Windows What is Autofill When I click my mouse, it sometimes double-clicks What is Scratch What is UDIMM What is MsConfig What is an Expansion Card What is an Executable File What is an Elevated Command Prompt What is an AC Adapter What is AIMBOT What is a Software Suite What is a LED Monitor What does Alt + X do What does alt + space do What does Alt + O do Now that I’ve got a Computer, what can i do What is a Punch Card What is RDIMM What is Select All What is Serial number What is Thermos flask What programs can I use for speech recognition What are the Advantages of Computers What are the Disadvantages of Computers What does Alt + T do What Hardware Device Drivers should be Updated What is a Desktop What is a Ring Topology What is CMOS What is a Directory What is a Mechanical Mouse What is a Plotter What is a Variable What is an Icon What is Data What is HDMI What is Remote What is Right-Click What is SMPS Why does my Laptop not turn on What is a Copyright What is a Cordless Mouse What is a CSV file What is a Joystick What is a Start Button What is a Taskbar What is an Alignment What is an Output Device What is Cat 5 What is Google Chrome What is Post What are Recordable DVD Drives What Does Alt + F4 Do What Does Alt + L Do What is a bit (Binary Digit) What is a cable What is a Calculator What is a capacitor What is a Cold Boot What is a Dialog Box What is a Dual-boot What is a Slide What is A4 What is AM What is Barcode Reader What is EHCI What is a Header What is a Joystick What is a Secondary Storage Device What is Access Time What is Account Sharing What is an Asterisk What is Asynchronous DRAM What is Back Quote What is BIOS What is Borderless Printing What is Case Badge What is CD-ROM What is Chat Slang What is Composite What is RJ Cable What Are Bottom Row Keys What is SAN What is Tray What is VDU What Does Alt + M Do What Does Alt + P Do What is a Cell What is a Command Key What is a key Combination What is a Menu Bar What is a Startup What is a T What is Chat What are the F1 through F12 keys What does Alt + Enter do What Does Alt + Home DO What does Alt + R do What does Ctrl + B do What Does Ctrl + Enter Do What Does Ctrl + R Do What does Ctrl + G do What does Ctrl + 9 do What does Ctrl + End do What does Ctrl + O do What Does Ctrl + P do What Does Ctrl + Q do What is a Colon What is a Core What is Apple Touch Icon What is Clock What is Code What is Computer Crime What is Ctrl What is DAT What is Data diddling What is Date Why won't my computer turn on What Does Alt + N Do What does ctrl + 2 do What does ctrl + space do What does Ctrl + W do What does Ctrl + T Do What Does Ctrl + 2 do What does Ctrl + 5 Do What are the most common file types and file extensions What are Sticky keys What Does Ctrl + Shift + Esc Do What is Settings What is Task Manager What is Taskbar What is a DNS Resolver What does ctrl + 1 do What does ctrl + 0 do How to install software What is a Folder What is a Legend What is a MAC Address What is a Path What is a Ruler What is a Toolbar What is an Intranet Meaning and Differences with Internet What is an SSD What is Inheritance What is Tablet What is Depth What is Docking Station What is Double Click What is a Solid Ink Printer What is a Temporary File What is Backup and Restore What is Electronic Payment Systems Eps What is Marshalling

Difference

Difference between hardware and software Difference between multiprocessor and distributed systems Difference between Desktop and Laptop Difference between File and folder Difference between Hard Copy and Soft Copy Open Source Programs vs Closed Source Programs Difference between Optical Fibre and Coaxial Cable Difference between Website and Webpage Difference between Classes and Objects Input VS Output Difference between Primary and Secondary Storage with Examples

Misc

Quantum Computing Computer Software Autoexec.bat and config.sys info Update an Antivirus Use of Internet Advantages and disadvantages of Email Computing Power Internet Explorer Shortcut Keys Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Augmented Reality Infrastructure Readiness Check Top 10 Internet tips and tricks Introduction and Features of FoxPro Features of Multimedia Top 10 online services and applications Receiving S.M.A.R.T. status bad backup and replacing error Version Control System Uninstalling Software or Apps in Windows Data Warehouse Increase or decrease font size in Word using keyboard shortcuts Mouse not detected or working in Windows Computer Cleaning Information and Steps Function Keys on Keyboard Windows 7 Alt+Tab won’t stay on top or stick 10 Essential Examples of Web Browsers Binary Subtraction using 2’s Complement Case Sensitive Languages Computer Pioneers and people who are CEO Microsoft Word Shortcut Keys Parts of Computers Names, Definitions and Images ROM and its Types Basics of Information Technology Characteristics of a Good Software Design Characteristics of Management Information System Classification of Management Information System Implementation of MIS Input Devices of Computer Definition Limitations of Management Information System 3 Types Of Network in Computer Block Diagram Of Control Unit Difference Between Computer and Embedded System Difference Between Hard Disk and Floppy Disk Abstraction in OOAD Hardware and Software Devices Optomechanical Mouse CMOS Memory What is a Terminal? What is Graphic Design? What is Load? What is Passcode? What is Reboot? What is Registry? What is Safe Mode? What is Standby? What is SYN (Synchronize)? What is Task Manager? Attribute Computing BPS in Computer Bulletin Board System Light Pen Input Device 3 TYPES OF NETWORK IN COMPUTER Block diagram of control unit What is a Solid Ink Printer? What is a Temporary File? What is an App launcher? What is Backup and Restore? What is a Tab Character? What is the Core i3? What is Paint? What is a Workbook? Advantages and Disadvantages of Online Education What is a String? What is a VDU (Visible Display Unit)? 50 Uses of Computer What is Workspace? What is a Procedural Language? What is VGA (Video Graphics Array)? Object Linking and Embedding in MS Word Semiconductor Memory Types of Parallel Computing Web Resources Difference between Virus, Worm and Trojan Horse Difference between HQ (High Quality) and HD (High Definition) What is Text Wrapping What is Timestamp? Semiconductor Ram Memory What is a File Attribute? What is a Video Call?

What are the F1 through F12 keys?

The F1 through F12 keys are a set of 12 keys located at the top of a computer keyboard. These keys are also known as function keys and have special functions that are determined by the operating system or the active program.

What are the F1 through F12 keys

These functions can vary depending on the context of their usage and the software being used, but commonly include shortcuts for system functions such as opening help menus, controlling audio and video playback, managing open windows, and adjusting settings such as screen brightness and volume. Some of the keys can be used in combination with the Alt or Ctrl keys to perform different actions.

1) F1 Key

The F1 key is a button located at the top of most computer keyboards. It is often used to open the help menu or manual for the operating system or the active program you are currently using. When you press the F1 key, a window or menu with instructions and information on how to use the program will appear. However, the F1 key can also have other functions depending on the computer and the program, such as opening the setup screen or in-game help menu or even pausing the game. The specific function of the F1 key may vary depending on the software or application you are using, so it's best to check the documentation or help files to understand the function of the F1 key.

How To Use F1 Key?

To use the F1 key, you need to open the program or application that utilizes the key. Once the program is open, press the F1 key on your keyboard. This will typically open the help menu or manual for the program.

Some keyboards may have a secondary function for the F1 key, which is indicated by an icon on the key. To use the secondary function of the F1 key, press and hold the Fn key while also pressing the F1 key. The specific secondary function of the F1 key can vary depending on the keyboard and the program, so you may need to consult the documentation or help files to find out what the secondary function is.

On some keyboards, the function keys are the secondary function by default, and you need to press and hold the fn key to access the primary function. For example, on an Apple computer, you need to hold down the fn key and press F1 to access the primary function of the key.

On some keyboards, there is a Function Lock (FnLk) key. When it is enabled, it makes the keyboard act as if the Fn key is being pressed until it is unlocked.

If the F1 key is not working on the keyboard, it could be due to a hardware or software issue. You may need to check for any possible issues with the keyboard, or check the settings or troubleshoot the problem.

Where is the F1 Key Used?

The following is a list of all the places the F1 key can be used.

  1. Open help with all programs
  2. Google Sheets
  3. Microsoft Excel
  4. Microsoft PowerPoint
  1. Open Help with All Programs: Pressing the F1 key while using a program will typically open a help screen or guide within the program. This can provide information on how to use the program's features and functions. In some cases, pressing F1 may also direct you to a helpful webpage on the internet for the program. In the latest versions of Microsoft Windows, pressing the Windows key + F1 will open the Microsoft Windows help and support center, which can provide information and assistance for various issues related to the operating system.
  2. Google Sheets: In Google Sheets, the formula help menu can be expanded and collapsed by clicking on the "f1" button located next to the formula bar at the top of the sheet. This will open a drop-down menu with various formula options, including a list of commonly used formulas and a search bar for more specific formulas. To collapse the menu, click on the "f1" button again or click anywhere outside of the menu.
  3. Microsoft Excel: This shortcut key combination allows you to quickly create a new worksheet tab in the current workbook without having to go through the Ribbon or the right-click menu. When you press Alt+Shift+F1, a new worksheet tab will be added to the right of the current tab and will be named "Sheet2," "Sheet3," etc., depending on how many tabs already exist in the workbook. This can be a useful shortcut for when you need to add multiple worksheets to a workbook or for quickly creating a new tab for a different set of data or calculations.
  4. Microsoft PowerPoint: In all views except Reading View and Slide Show, to open the PowerPoint help menu, you can click on the "Help" button in the top right corner of the PowerPoint window or press the "F1" key on your keyboard. In the Slide Show view, to display a list of shortcuts for use in a slide show, you can press the "F1" key on your keyboard while in the Slide Show view. This will bring up a help menu with a list of shortcuts that can be used during the slide show, such as navigating between slides, activating the laser pointer, and more. You can also press the "Shift + F1" key to bring up a list of shortcuts specifically for the slide show view.

2) F2 Key

The F2 key is a commonly used function key that has many uses across different programs and operating systems. In addition to renaming files and icons in Windows, it can also be used to access BIOS setup, edit cells in Excel, open the open document window in Word, and display the print preview window in Word. It can also have different uses in other programs and applications.

How to Use F2 Key?

To use the F2 key, you will first need to open the program or application that uses the key. Once the program opens, you can press the F2 key to activate its primary function. If the F2 key has an icon on it, it means that it also has a secondary function. To use the secondary function, you will need to press and hold down the "Fn" key, and while holding it down, press the F2 key.

If the F2 key performs a secondary function when you press it, this usually means that the function keys are set as the secondary function. For example, on an Apple computer, you may need to press and hold the "Fn" key and then press the F2 key to activate its primary function.

Where is The F2 Key Used?

The F2 key is used in a variety of programs and applications, including:

  1. Microsoft Windows
  2. Microsoft Excel
  3. Microsoft Word
  4. Notepad++
  1. Microsoft Windows: In Microsoft Windows, the F2 key can be used to rename a selected file or folder quickly. When a file or folder is highlighted or selected, pressing F2 will allow you to type a new name for the file. If multiple files are selected, and you press F2 to rename one of them, all of the selected files will take on the new name, with a number added to the end of each file name to distinguish them. For example, if you had three files selected and you renamed one of them to "test," all three files will be renamed to "test (1)," "test (2)," and "test (3)."
  2. Microsoft Excel: In Microsoft Excel, the F2 key can quickly edit an active cell’s contents. To use this feature, navigate to the cell you want to edit using the arrow keys. Once the cell is highlighted, press F2 to enter into the editing mode, and you can then add, delete or change the text in the cell. The changes will be saved automatically when you press enter or move to another cell. This function is handy when you need to make quick changes to a specific cell without having to use the mouse to double-click on the cell.
  3. Microsoft Word: In Microsoft Word, the combination of keys Ctrl+F2 can be used to display the print preview window quickly. This will allow you to see how the document will look when printed and make any necessary adjustments before actually printing. The combination of keys Alt+Ctrl+F2 can be used to open the open document window in Microsoft Word. This will display a window that allows you to browse and select a document that you want to open in Word. This is a useful feature when you want to open a document that is not currently open in Word or when you want to switch between multiple open documents quickly.
  4. Notepad++: In Notepad++, the combination of keys Ctrl+F2 can be used to create a bookmark on a specific line in a file. Bookmarks are useful for quickly navigating to specific lines or sections of a file, especially in large files where it can be not easy to find a specific piece of information.

The key F2 can be used to cycle through the available bookmarks in a file. When you press F2, Notepad++ will take you to the next bookmark in the file, making it easy to move between different sections of a file. This is useful when you are working with large files, and you need to jump between multiple specific lines or sections.

3) F3 Key

The F3 key is a function key that is often used to open the find or search feature of a program or operating system. However, its specific use can vary depending on the program or operating system being used.

How To Use F3 Key?

To use the primary function of the F3 key, press the F3 key while in the appropriate program. If the F3 key also has an icon on it, it may indicate that it has a secondary function. To access the secondary function, press and hold the Fn key while also pressing the F3 key. The specific secondary function of the F3 key can vary depending on the program or operating system being used.

It's also worth noting that on some keyboards, the function keys may have enabled function lock, which means that the keyboard will act as if the Fn key is being pressed until it is unlocked.

If the F3 key is not working on the keyboard, it may be due to a hardware issue or a software conflict. You can check the troubleshooting steps for resolving the issue, such as checking the keyboard settings, checking for any stuck keys, or updating the keyboard driver.

Where is the F3 Key Used?

The F3 key is used in many programs and operating systems, and its specific use can vary depending on the program or operating system being used.

Some common uses of the F3 key include:

  1. Apple macOS X
  2. Microsoft Excel
  3. Windows Explorer
  4. Microsoft Outlook
  5. Microsoft Word
  6. Microsoft Windows
  7. Windows command line

1. Apple macOS X: On an Apple computer running the macOS X operating system, pressing the F3 key opens Mission Control, which allows you to view all open windows and switch between them. Mission Control also shows you all open spaces, which are virtual desktops you can use to organize your windows. It also provides an overview of all the open apps and windows and allows you to switch between them quickly.

2. Microsoft Excel: F3 is a keyboard shortcut in Microsoft Excel that is used to paste names. When you press F3, any names that have been previously defined using the "Define Name" feature will be displayed in a dialog box. You can then select the name you want to paste and press OK. This will insert the named range into the current cell or selected cells.

3. Windows Explorer: The F3 key can be used to open the search tab in Windows Explorer, allowing you to search for files and folders on your computer. Once you have opened Windows Explorer, press the F3 key to bring up the search bar. You can then enter your search terms and press enter to begin the search.

4. Microsoft Outlook: In Microsoft Outlook, pressing the Windows key+F3 keyboard shortcut will open the Advanced Find window, allowing you to search for specific emails or other items in your mailbox. The Advanced Find feature provides more options and filters than the basic search function, making it a useful tool for locating specific items within your mailbox.

5. Microsoft Word: In Microsoft Word, the shortcut Ctrl+F3 will lowercase any highlighted text, and Shift+F3 will change the case of the text from upper to lowercase or a capital letter at the beginning of every word.

6. Microsoft Windows: In Microsoft Windows 7 and earlier, pressing F3 on the Windows desktop opens a window to find files. However, in Windows 10, the F3 button no longer has any function on the desktop.

It is worth noting that, in Windows 10, you can use the search function to find files or use the file explorer to look for files.

7. Windows command line: In MS-DOS or Windows command line, pressing the F3 key will repeat the last command that was entered. This can be a quick and easy way to re-run a command without having to type it out again.

4) F4 Key

The F4 key is located at the top of most computer keyboards and is a function key that typically has multiple uses depending on the context. It is often used in combination with the Alt and Ctrl keys to perform specific actions such as closing open windows and tabs. However, the specific functions of the F4 key can vary depending on the computer and program in use. Some programs may use F4 as a shortcut key for a specific function, while others may not use it at all. It is best to consult the documentation or manual of the specific program or operating system in use to understand the functions of the F4 key.

How To Use F4 Key?

To use the F4 key, open the program or application that uses it and press F4. If the F4 key has a secondary function, it will typically be indicated by an icon on the key or in the program's documentation. To use the secondary function, press and hold down the Fn key (located near the bottom-left corner of the keyboard) and press F4 while holding the Fn key.

On some computers, the function keys (F1, F2, F3, etc.) are the secondary function, so pressing Fn+F4 will activate the F4 key.

If the FnLk (function lock) is enabled, the keyboard will act as if the Fn key is pressed, even if you're not holding it. So, all the function keys will act as their secondary functions. To disable this, you can press the Fn+FnLk key (This key is typically located on the keyboard)

If the F4 key is not working on the keyboard, it could be caused by a software issue or a hardware problem with the keyboard. You can try troubleshooting by checking for updates to the program or application you're using or by checking for any issues with the keyboard driver. If that doesn't help, try connecting an external keyboard to the computer and see if the F4 key works on it. If the problem persists, it may be best to seek technical assistance.

Where is F4 Key Used?

The F4 key can be used in a variety of programs and applications, including:

  1. Microsoft Excel
  2. Microsoft PowerPoint
  3. Microsoft Windows
  4. Microsoft Word
  5. Microsoft Internet Explorer

1. Microsoft Excel: In Excel, cell references are used to refer to specific cells or groups of cells in a worksheet. When writing a formula, you can choose whether to use an absolute or relative cell reference. An absolute cell reference stays the same, even when the formula is copied to a different cell. A relative cell reference changes based on the position of the formula in the worksheet.

Pressing F4 while in the formula box allows you to switch between different reference types quickly. For example, you can switch a relative reference to an absolute reference by pressing F4 and vice versa. This helps to make the process of creating formulas more efficient and convenient.

2. Microsoft PowerPoint: In Microsoft PowerPoint, pressing the "F4" key repeatedly will cycle through the different repeat options for the last action performed. This allows you to quickly repeat an action with different options, such as different cell ranges in Excel or different slides in PowerPoint. For example, if you insert a shape and press "F4", it will repeat the insertion on the same slide, then repeat the insertion on all slides, then turn off the repeat function.

3. Microsoft Windows: The combination of Alt + F4 is commonly used to close the currently active window in Microsoft Windows, while Ctrl + F4 is used to close the active tab or window within a program. In older versions of Windows, such as Windows 95 to Windows XP, the F4 key was used to open the Find window for searching for specific files or text within a program.

4. Microsoft Word: In Microsoft Word 2000 and later versions, the "F4" key is used to repeat the last action performed. This can be a time-saving feature, as it allows you to quickly repeat formatting changes, insertions, deletions, and other actions without having to perform the steps again manually. This can be especially useful for repetitive tasks, such as applying the same formatting to multiple text sections.

5. Microsoft Internet Explorer: In Microsoft Internet Explorer, the "F4" key can be used to open the "Address bar," where you can type in the URL or search term to navigate to a new web page. It can also be used to cycle through the open tabs in the browser, making it easier to switch between multiple tabs without using the mouse. When the "Address bar" is open, pressing "F4" repeatedly will cycle through the history of previously visited websites.

5) F5 Key

In addition to refreshing a web page, the F5 key can also be used for other purposes depending on the software. It can serve as a shortcut for reloading, running a presentation, or opening the "Find and Replace" feature in some text editors. The specific use of the F5 key can vary by program and operating system, so it's best to consult the software's documentation for more information.

How To Use F5 Key?

To use the F5 key, open the program that uses it and press the key. If the program requires the use of the secondary function, press and hold the Fn key and then press F5. If the FnLk (function lock) is enabled, you may need to unlock it in order to use the function keys. If the F5 key is not working, it could be due to a hardware issue or a software conflict, and you may need to troubleshoot the problem by checking the keyboard and drivers.

Where is F5 Key Used?

The F5 key is used in many different programs, including:

  1. Internet browser
  2. Microsoft Excel
  3. Microsoft Windows
  4. Microsoft Word
  5. PowerPoint

1. Internet Browser: The F5 key is commonly used in Internet browsers to refresh or reload the page or document window. Pressing Ctrl+F5 forces a complete refresh of the web page, downloading all its contents again, including any images or other resources that may have been cached. This can be useful if you need help viewing updated content on a web page or if the page needs to display correctly.

2. Microsoft Excel: In Microsoft Excel, pressing F5 displays the "Go To" dialog box, which allows you to navigate to a specific cell, range, or defined name in your worksheet. Ctrl+F5 restores the window size of the selected workbook window, which can be useful if the window has been resized or maximized. This can be helpful for adjusting the window size to better view your data or for comparing data in different windows.

3. Microsoft Windows: In Microsoft Windows, pressing F5 in File Explorer refreshes the list of contents in the current folder, which can be useful if you've added, deleted, or renamed files or folders and need to update the view. This can also be useful if you're troubleshooting a problem with your files and need to see the latest changes. The F5 key is a quick way to refresh the view in File Explorer without having to navigate away from the current folder and then back again.

4. Microsoft Word: In Microsoft Word, pressing F5 opens the "Find and Replace" dialog box, which allows you to search for and replace specific text in your document. You can use this feature to make changes to your document quickly or to correct errors. The "Find and Replace" dialog box also has options for specifying search criteria, such as a matching case or whole words only, and for replacing all occurrences of the search text or just selected occurrences. This feature can save time and effort when making changes to a long or complex document.

5. PowerPoint: In Microsoft PowerPoint, pressing F5 starts a slide show from the first slide. This can be useful if you want to view your presentation from the beginning or if you've made changes to the beginning of your presentation and want to review them. Pressing Shift+F5 starts the slide show from the currently active slide, which can be useful if you're reviewing or practicing a specific section of your presentation. You can use the slide show view to preview how your presentation will look when you give it to an audience and make any necessary adjustments to the content, timing, and transitions.

6) F6 Key

The F6 key is a function key located at the top of most computer keyboards. Its primary purpose is to move the text cursor to the address bar in an Internet browser, allowing you to quickly enter or modify the URL of the web page you want to visit. However, the specific use of the F6 key can vary depending on the program and operating system being used. In some programs, the F6 key may have a different function, such as changing the screen or window focus or moving between different elements of the user interface. It's important to consult the documentation for the specific program or operating system you're using to determine the exact behavior of the F6 key.

How To Use F6 Key?

The F6 key is used differently depending on the program being used. To use the primary function of the F6 key, press the key. If the F6 key has a secondary function, it can be accessed by holding down the Fn key and pressing F6. If the FnLk (function lock) is enabled, the keyboard will act as if the Fn key is always being pressed until it is unlocked. The specific secondary function of the F6 key can vary. The program's documentation usually finds information on its secondary function. If the F6 key is not working, the issue could be with the keyboard or the program and should be investigated.

Where is F6 Key Used?

The F6 key can be used in various programs and applications. Some of the most common ones include:

  • Internet browsers
  • Microsoft Excel
  • Microsoft Word

1. Internet Browsers: The F6 key is often used as a shortcut to quickly move the cursor to the address bar in most Internet browsers, such as Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer, Microsoft Edge, and others. This allows you to quickly type in a URL or search query without first clicking on the address bar.

2. Microsoft Excel: In Microsoft Excel, the F6 key can move to the next pane in a split worksheet. This allows you to quickly navigate between different parts of a large worksheet split into multiple panes for easier viewing.

3. Microsoft Word: In Microsoft Word, combining Ctrl + Shift + F6 opens another open Microsoft Word document. This is useful when you have multiple Word documents open simultaneously and want to switch between them quickly. The shortcut allows you to cycle through all open Word documents without using the taskbar or clicking on the documents one by one.

7) F7 Key

The F7 key is often used as a shortcut for the spell check function in various text editing programs such as Microsoft Word. However, the specific function of the F7 key can vary depending on the program being used. In some programs, the F7 key may be used for other functions, such as launching a search or opening a menu.

How To Use F7 Key?

To use the F7 key, open the program that uses the key and presses it. If the key has a secondary function indicated by an icon on the key, you can use it by holding down the Fn key and pressing F7.

Where is F7 Key Used?

The F7 key can be used in several different programs and has different functions in each of them. Some of the common uses of the F7 key are:

  • Microsoft products
  • Internet browsers
  • Adobe Photoshop
  • Windows command line

1. Microsoft products: In Microsoft products such as Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Outlook, and other Office products, the F7 key is commonly used as a shortcut for the spell check and grammar check functions. Additionally, the combination of Shift + F7 can run a Thesaurus check on the currently highlighted word. These features allow you to quickly check and correct any spelling or grammatical errors in your documents, making it easier to produce accurate and professional-looking work.

2. Internet Browsers: The F7 key turns on Caret Browsing in Google Chrome and Mozilla Firefox, allowing users to navigate and select text on a web page using the keyboard cursor.

3. Adobe Photoshop: The F7 key opens the Layers panel in Adobe Photoshop, allowing users to view and manage the various layers in their image files.

4. Windows Command Line: In the Windows command line, the F7 key is used to view a history of all the commands entered in the current window. This feature allows users to easily recall and reuse previous commands, saving time and effort and improving efficiency when using the command line.

8) F8 Key

The F8 key is a function key commonly used to access the boot menu during start-up or to enter Safe Mode in Windows. Its functionality may vary depending on the operating system and the program used.

How To Use F8 Key?

The F8 key is used to start the Windows computer in Safe Mode or to access the boot menu. To use the key, restart the computer and press the F8 key repeatedly until the Advanced Boot Options menu appears. From here, select Safe Mode or the desired option. The function of the F8 key may vary depending on the computer and program, but this is its main use in Windows.

Where is F8 Key Used?

The F8 key is used in a variety of contexts, including:

  • Microsoft Windows
  • Microsoft Windows
  • Text Pad

1. Microsoft Windows: The F8 key in Microsoft Excel enters Extend Mode, allowing users to easily select and highlight multiple cells by clicking and dragging the cursor. This can be useful for formatting, copying, or manipulating data in a spreadsheet.

2. Microsoft Windows: The F8 key is used to enter the Windows start-up menu and is commonly used to access Windows Safe Mode. Some earlier computers may also be used to access the Windows recovery system, but a Windows installation CD may be required.

3. Text Pad: In Text Pad, pressing the F8 key opens the Replace window, allowing users to search for and replace specific text within a document.

9) F9 Key

The F9 key is a function key found on most computer keyboards, with various uses depending on the computer and program being used. In addition to opening Mission Control on an Apple computer, it may have different functions in other programs, such as refreshing a page or opening a specific window.

How To Use F9 Key?

They outline how to access the primary or secondary function of the key, depending on the program and keyboard configuration. If the function lock (FnLk) is enabled, it may affect the behavior of the F9 key, and instructions for unlocking the function lock are provided. If the key is not working, it may be helpful to check for other issues with the keyboard.

Where is F9 Key Used?

Here are some common uses for the F9 key:

  • Firefox and Edge
  • Microsoft Excel
  • Microsoft Word
  • Microsoft Outlook

1. Firefox And Edge: In the Firefox and Edge web browsers, the F9 key is used to enter and exit the Reader mode, which is a simplified, easy-to-read version of a web page.

2. Microsoft Excel: The F9 key in Microsoft Excel is used to recalculate all worksheets in all open workbooks. When you press the F9 key, Excel will check all formulas and values in your workbook and update them accordingly. This can be helpful when you have made changes to your workbook that may have affected your formulas or values and you want to ensure that all information is accurate.

3. Microsoft Word: These are keyboard shortcuts for working with fields in Microsoft Word:

  • Pressing "F9" updates a field, which displays the most recent information from its source.
  • Pressing "Shift+F9" reveals the code behind a field, allowing you to see how the field was created and what information it is pulling from.
  • Pressing "Ctrl+F9" inserts empty field braces, which you can use to create new fields.
  • Pressing "Ctrl+Shift+F9" unlinks a field, which means it will no longer display information from its source and instead display the field code.
  • Pressing "Alt+F9" toggles the display of a field's code, which means you can switch between seeing the field code and the information it displays.

4. Microsoft Outlook

In the Send & Receive group in Microsoft Outlook, you can click on the "Send/Receive All Folders" button to send and receive messages for all email accounts connected to your Outlook profile. Alternatively, you can use the keyboard shortcut F9 to send and receive messages for all accounts quickly. This can be especially helpful if you have multiple email accounts connected to your Outlook profile and you want to ensure that all emails are up-to-date and synchronized.

10) F10 Key

The F10 key is a commonly used function key that can have different functions and uses depending on the computer and application you are using. In some applications, pressing the F10 key can activate the menu bar or Ribbon, providing access to additional options and tools. In others, the F10 key can be used as a shortcut key for specific functions, such as saving a file or copying text.

How To Use F10 Key?

To use the F10 key, you can open the program that uses the key and press F10. If the F10 key also has an icon on the key, it indicates that the key has a secondary function. To use the secondary function, you may need to press and hold down the Fn key (if your keyboard has one), and while continuing to hold the Fn key, press F10.

Note: The specific functions of the F10 key may vary between programs and computer systems, so it's always a good idea to check the help documentation or online resources for information on how the key is used in the specific program you are working with.

Where is F10 Key Used?

Here is a list of some of the common locations where the F10 key can be used, along with information about its use:

  • Microsoft Excel
  • Microsoft Windows

1. Microsoft Excel: The F10 key can activate the menu bar in Microsoft Excel. When you press the F10 key, the menu bar will appear, allowing you to access different tools and options to help you work with your spreadsheets.

2. Microsoft Windows: The F10 key is a commonly used function key in Microsoft Windows, and its default function is to activate the menu bar or Ribbon of an open application. This allows you to access different tools and options to help you work with the program.

In addition to this, pressing Shift + F10 is equivalent to right-clicking a highlighted icon, file, or Internet link. This can be a convenient shortcut for accessing context menus and options related to the selected item.

11) F11 Key

The F11 key is a commonly used function key in most computer systems, and its primary function is to enter and exit fullscreen mode in modern internet browsers. By pressing the F11 key, you can toggle between a fullscreen view and a regular view of the browser, making it easier to see web pages and videos without distractions.

In addition to this, the F11 key can have different functions depending on the program you are using. For example, in Microsoft Windows, you can use the F11 key to switch between the desktop and a fullscreen application or to hide and show the desktop.

Note: The specific functions of the F11 key may vary between different programs and operating systems, so it's always a good idea to check the help documentation or online resources for information on the specific use of the key.

How To Use F11 Key?

When using the F11 key, it's important to keep in mind the following:

  1. Open the program that uses the key and press F11.
  2. If the F11 key also has an icon on the key, it indicates that it has a secondary function. To use the secondary function, press and hold down the Fn key and then press F11 while holding the Fn key.
  3. If when pressing the F11 key, the secondary function is performed (e.g., mutes audio), the function keys are the secondary function. On an Apple computer, to press F11, you would hold down the fn key and then press F11.
  4. If the FnLk (function lock) is enabled, the keyboard acts as if the Fn key is being pressed until it is unlocked.
  5. If the F11 key is not working on the keyboard, check if some keys on your keyboard aren't working.

Note: The secondary function of the F11 key may vary depending on the program and operating system you are using. So, it's always a good idea to check the help documentation or online resources for more information on the specific use of the key.

Where is F11 Key Used?

The F11 key is used in the following locations:

  • Apple macOS
  • Internet browsers
  • Microsoft Excel

1. Apple macOS: Pressing the F11 key in Apple's macOS operating system will hide all open windows and reveal the desktop. This can be useful for quickly minimizing open windows to access the desktop for organizing files or opening a new application. The F11 key can be pressed again to return to the previous state and bring the windows back into view. This feature is available in macOS 10.4 or later versions.

2. Internet Browsers: When you press the F11 key in an internet browser, it allows you to enter into full-screen mode, which maximizes the browser window size and hides all other parts of the screen, like the toolbars, menus, and taskbars. This allows you to have a more immersive browsing experience, where you can focus solely on the website you are visiting. To exit full-screen mode, press the F11 key again, and the browser window will return to its original size.

3. Microsoft Excel: The F11 key creates a chart from selected data in Microsoft Excel. To do this, select the data you want to use for your chart and then press F11. This will create a chart on a separate chart sheet within the same workbook. You can then customize the chart as needed by changing the type of chart, adding or modifying chart elements, and so on. By using the F11 key, you can quickly and easily create charts in Excel without having to go through the process of manually selecting a chart type and formatting it.

12) F12 Key

The F12 key is a commonly used function key on computer keyboards. Its default function can vary depending on the computer and program being used. Some of the most common uses of the F12 key include opening developer tools in internet browsers, saving a document as a web page in Microsoft Word, and launching the Save As dialog box in Microsoft Excel. In addition, the F12 key can also be used to access the boot menu in some computers, to launch the Windows Task Manager, and to access various system settings and diagnostic tools. The specific use of the F12 key depends on the program or operating system being used, and users should consult the relevant documentation or help files for more information on how to use this key.

How To Use F12 Key?

Open the program that uses the F12 key and press it. If the F12 key also has an icon on the key, it indicates that the key has a secondary function. To use the secondary function, press and hold down the Fn key, and while continuing to hold it, press F12. If, when pressing the F12 key, the secondary function is performed (e.g., mutes audio), the function keys are the secondary function. To press F12, hold down the Fn key on an Apple computer and then press F12.

Note: If the FnLk (function lock) is enabled, the keyboard acts as if the Fn key is being pressed until it is unlocked. Information about the secondary function can be found in the below secondary function of the F12 section.

Where is F12 Key Used?

The F12 key is used in various applications and programs, including:

  • Microsoft Excel
  • Internet Browsers
  • Microsoft Word
  • Windows Photo Gallery

1. Microsoft Excel: The F12 key in Microsoft Excel is used to access the "Save As" option, allowing you to save the current workbook with a different file name or format.

2. Internet Browsers: In internet browsers, the F12 key is used to open up developer tools such as Firebug or Chrome Developer Tools. These tools allow developers to debug and make changes to the code of a website.

3. Microsoft Word: In Microsoft Word, the F12 key is used for various purposes, such as opening the Save As window, opening a document using Ctrl+F12, saving the document using Shift+F12, and printing the document using Ctrl+Shift+F12.

4. Windows Photo Gallery: This function will display all the photos in the selected folder in full-screen mode and automatically switch to the next photo after a set time interval.